1. 海洋石油661船
锦州港 锦州港是经国务院批准的一类开放口岸及辽西地区唯一的对外开放港口，锦州港全年无台风袭扰，冬季冻而不封。锦州港是辽西及内蒙古东部地区内外物资重要集散地之一，是黑龙江和吉林西部广大区域物资中转最经济和便捷的出海口之一。 锦州港的货物集疏条件目前主要通过铁路和公路。港区内一条长6，566米的铁路直通前沿码头,后方直接与沈山线、锦赤线、锦阜线相连接，通过该等铁路与中国东北、华北铁路网相联接。 公路是锦州港集疏货物的又一主要通道 。 目前，本集团的货物主要和102国道相连接，经102国道与103国道在绥中、304国道在新民、203国道在沈阳及沈大国家高速公路与经济腹地相联系 。京哈高速公路正在建设中,预计将于1999年末建成 。届时，进出锦州港与其经济腹地之若干公路之公路运输时间亦将随之缩短。 一九九三年至一九九八年锦州港年吞吐量每年复式增长率达35.7% ，一九九八年锦州港年吞吐量574万吨，居全国主要沿海港口的第24位。 作为中国最北部的国际海港，锦州港的陆路运距具有一定优势。(详见下表) 部分货源地至锦州港及周边港口陆路运距(公里) 港口 陆距 货源 通辽 赤峰 朝阳 阜新 铁岭 沈阳 满洲里 白城 齐齐哈尔 哈尔滨 ★锦州港 362 369 171 118 280 220 1400 660 701 789 秦皇岛港 661 785 371 318 513 442 1620 870 849 989 鲅鱼圈港 483 618 629 343 300 240 1789 730 1016 803 大连港 793 799 810 593 468 397 1844 906 1957 944 锦州港1986年10月开工建设， 1990年10月正式通航， 同年12月被国务院批准为国家一类开放商港。锦州港现已建成1万至5万吨级营运泊位6个，其中5万吨级油品泊位1个，万吨级油品化工泊位1个，3万吨级多用途杂货泊位1个，万吨级通用杂货泊位3个，年设计吞吐量555万吨，在建的二个3.5万吨级泊位将于1999年投入使用，届时，港口吞吐能力将达1000万吨。锦州港具备内外贸集装箱运输和杂货、油品及化工产品的装卸、仓储、运输、服务等多种功能。 1993年初，锦州港在全国港口行业中率先进行了整体股份制改造，成立了股份制港口企业--锦州港务(集团)股份有限公司。锦港集团主要从事锦州港的码头经营和管理、商务货运承揽代理与服务、港口工程建设、招商引资等业务。公司主要股东为：东方集团、锦州港务局、锦州石油化工公司、辽宁省投资集团公司、锦西炼油化工总厂等。锦州港是我国首家对港口整体实行股份制改造并政企分离，建立现代企业制度的港口公司。 经中国证监会批准，锦港A、B两种股票分别于1999年6月9日、1998年5月19日在上海证券交易所上市。 凭借灵活的运行机制、高效的工作作风、完善的配套措施、优越的地理区位、广阔的经济腹地，锦州港向中外客商提供最优质的服务，并充分保障客户的商业利益。 锦州港设施 ① 泊位情况介绍： 锦州港泊位一览表 序号 泊位名称 投产年份 主要用途 水深(M) 长度(M) 泊位能力吨级 泊位数 设计能力(万吨/年) 1 1#杂货 1989 杂货 -11 217.40 10000 1 35 2 2#杂货 1993 杂货 -11 189.78 10000 1 30 3 3#杂货 1995 杂货 -11 150 10000 1 30 4 4#杂货 1995 集装箱、杂货 -12 232 30000 1 60 5 1#油 1991 油品、化工 -10.4 241.40 10000 1 90 6 2#油 1997 油品 -14 356 50000 1 310 7 5#杂货 1999 杂货 -12 262 35000 1 60 8 6#杂货 1999 杂货 -14 270 35000 1 95 ② 港口装卸设备 散粮中转筒仓：仓容2.88万吨，年通过能力100万吨。仓内装有自动测温系统，电子秤具有连续计量功能。 散粮装船机：装船效率为600吨/小时。 仓储堆场：港口占地255万平方米，现投入使用的各类堆场面积为90万平方米，年周转能力1000万吨。另外，依港形成的各仓储企业30余家，年储运能力1500万吨。 输送管线：13条，可输送原油、柴油、汽油、压舱水、液化产品等等。 油品储罐：容积54万立方米，年储运能力300万吨，品种为原油、汽油、柴油。 化工储罐：容积2.7万立方米，年储运能力30万立方米，品种为丙烯、丁二烯、苯、工业碱等。 港内铁路接卸线：5836延长米，直抵港口码头。 拖轮：可提供进出港助拖、海上运输、援助等服务，共7020马力，最大拖轮为3700马力。 门式起重机：起重吨数为10-40吨。 汽车起重机：起重吨数为18-25吨。 集装箱正面吊：最大起重吨数40吨。 运输车队：单车载重30吨运输车30台，年运输能力120万吨。单车载重50吨的北方奔驰货车50台，集装箱运输车13台。 商业保税仓库：3200平方米。 港口商务公司向客户提供港口货物运输组织及相关业务的全方位服务。 港口的船货代公司、集装箱公司、轮船公司、外代公司、外理公司、国际海员俱乐部随时为来港船舶和海员、客户提供各种服务。 ③ 航道助航设施及有关设施 锦州港现有航道一条，全厂约7，700米，水深11米，可供三万吨级的船舶航行，涨潮时最大可供五万吨级船舶航行。航道两侧布置浮标八座，陆域设置六座导标，以确保船舶航行安全。集团拥有拖轮三艘，总功率为7，020马力。 中国交通部水运规划设计院对锦州港做了总体规划，为适应临港工业和腹地经济迅速发展，锦州港将分期建成为北方油品大港、区域性杂货港、综合性化工港。为适应不断增加的货源需求，锦港集团已开始第二港池的建设。第二港池完工后，锦州港将新增1.5万吨-3.5万吨级泊位13个，年吞吐能力1600万吨，届时，锦州港将成为北方具有第三代港口特征的多功能区域枢纽港。 锦州港主营业务 油品仓储装卸业务：重油、原油、汽油、柴油及压舱水。 化工产品仓储装卸业务：工业碱、苯、丙烯、丁二烯等。 杂货仓储装卸业务：粮食、煤炭、钢材、汽车、拖拉机、木片 、水泥、化肥、木材、有色金属、矿产品、化工原料及制品、轻工产品、建筑材料、渔牧产品等四十余种。 集装箱业务：集装箱装卸、装拆箱、堆存、陆路运输、冷藏箱业务等。锦州港已开通内贸集装箱干线班轮。航线航期：到青岛3天，到上海/长江沿岸5天，到宁波7天，到温州8天，到广州/蛇口12天，到海口13天。 外贸集装箱运输业务：锦州港开通在青岛港中转出口集装箱转关运输航线。航线航期为：锦州港--青岛港--日本、韩国、香港，航期为7-8天；锦州港--青岛港--欧洲、美国东部和西部，航期为19-34天；锦州港--澳洲、西亚，航期为19-34天。 多式联运：锦州港同沈阳铁路局合作建立了锦州港集装箱办理站，沈阳铁路局锦铁分局集装箱公司、中海集团与锦州港已开展了海铁集装箱联运业务，实现了港港合作、港铁合作、港航合作，为客户提供便捷、经济的运输服务。 内陆运输：锦州港为客户提供门--门陆上运输服务，已形成完善、成熟的货、箱集疏港体系。公司现有30吨集装箱卡车20辆，随着箱量的增加，锦州港将采取合作、引资方式完善运输体系。 航线 锦州港-青岛港-上海港航线：每周一班，周五开航，在青岛港中转，国内接转上海、南通、镇江等长江沿岸港口及厦门、泉州、蛇口、黄埔等南方沿海港口；国际接轨至欧洲、东南亚、地中海等世界各地港口。 锦州港-大连港航线：每周一班，周日抵锦。周日开航，在大连港接转至东南亚、北美洲、南美洲、澳洲、地中海沿岸各港口。 锦州港-天津港航线：每周一班，周四抵锦。在天津港中转至东南亚、欧洲、北美洲、南美洲、地中海沿岸等世界各地港口。 锦州港-天津港-黄埔港航线：每周一班，周四抵锦，至上海、宁波、湛江、海口等港口。 散杂货定线班轮：锦州港采取港港合作，开通开通至厦门港、泉州港、蛇口港、上海港散杂货班轮，主要承运煤炭、钢材、粮食、水泥、木片、矿石等散杂货，使中小客户的零散货物可以享受与万吨级船相同的运价。 锦州至厦门，每20天1个航次。 锦州至蛇口，15天1个航次。 集疏港运输业务：单车载重50吨的大型奔驰货车50台，单车载重30吨运输车30台。船舶代理、货物代购代销及铁路代办委托业务。
2. 海洋石油721船
首先明确的告诉你，大庆721不是一所学校，而且一个地名（原王家围子也叫721），大庆职业学院就坐落在该地区，还有大庆石油学校，警校等，培育了无数的石油子弟油二代、油三代投身大庆油田的开发奋战中！
3. 海洋石油623船
谢谢邀请，里海是世界上面积最大的湖泊，地处亚洲和欧洲的交界处，总面积约为38.6万平方千米，和我国云南省的面积相当。里海是曾经是海洋的一部分，是“古地中海”的组成部分，大约在1.1万年前，里海和海洋分离后，成为了一个湖泊，所以里海是一个“海迹湖”，当然也是一个咸水湖。里海是一个巨大的聚宝盆，由于曾经是海底，拥有大量的海相沉积物转化而成的石油和天然气资源，所以里海沿岸的国家都可以在里海这个聚宝盆中分一杯羹。
里海沿岸总共有五个国家，分别是哈萨克斯坦、土库曼斯坦、伊朗、阿塞拜疆和俄罗斯这五个国家。哈萨克斯坦位于里海的东北部，是世界上最大的内陆国，地处中亚地区，首都为努尔苏丹（阿斯塔纳）；土库曼斯坦位于里海的东部，也是中亚国家，是亚洲唯一的一个永久中立国，首都为阿什哈巴德；伊朗位于里海的南部，属于西亚地区，伊朗南临波斯湾，北靠里海，石油资源极为丰富，首都为德黑兰。
阿塞拜疆位于里海的西部，是一个地跨亚欧两大洲的国家，首都为巴库，巴库位于里海沿岸，是里海重要的港口，也是著名的石油城市；俄罗斯位于里海的西北部，是世界上面积最大的国家，也是一个地跨亚欧两大洲的国家，首都为莫斯科。里海周围地势南高北地，南部为伊朗高原，西部有大高加索山脉，西北部、北部和东部地区为里海沿岸平原，地势十分平坦。里海周围有大小130多条河流汇入，其中主要的河流包括伏尔加河、乌拉尔河、库拉河、捷列克河等河流。
伏尔加河是俄罗斯的母亲河，是世界上最长的内流河，也是欧洲最长的河流，全长3692千米，流域内地势低平，落差很小，航运十分发达。乌拉尔河是亚洲和欧洲的分界线，发源于乌拉尔山脉南部，总体流向为自北向南，全长2428千米，是世界第四大内流河。库拉河位于里海的西南部，发源于西亚的土耳其，是外高加索地区最大的河流，总体流向为自西向东，全长约1364千米，阿拉克斯河是其最重要支流。捷列克河位于里海西部，发源于大高加索山脉北部，总体流向约为自西向东，全长623千米。巴库
4. 海洋石油612船
山东主要一本大学的录取分数线及院校名称如下：
1、612分 山东大学
2、598分 中国海洋大学
3、581分 中国石油大学(华东)
4、563分 山东师范大学
5、521分 山东科技大学
6、521分 济南大学
7、506分山东农业大学等。
5. 海洋石油673船
塔里木河大桥，建成于1995年，全长605米，引道673米，位于新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏地区农一师阿拉尔市。它是开发塔里木石油的第一座大桥，是通向塔克拉玛干大沙漠的必经之桥，为塔里木河上游与中下游的分界点。
6. 海洋石油656船
常见15种焊条型号及用途
D577堆焊焊条 型号：EDCrMn-C-15
用途：用于510℃以下中温高压阀门密封面，在闸阀中与D507Mo配合使用耐磨性能更好。
D608堆焊焊条 型号：EDZ-A1-08
用途：用于农业机械、矿山设备等承受砂粒磨损与轻微冲击的零部件。 D618堆焊焊条
用途：用于堆焊随受较轻冲击载荷、但要求具有较好的抗磨损的耐磨件，如锤击式磨煤机锤头等。
D642堆焊焊条 型号：EDZCr-B-03
用途：用于常温和高温耐磨耐腐蚀工作条件的零部件，如水轮机叶片、高压泵零件、高炉料钟等。
D646堆焊焊条 型号：EDCr-B-16
用途：用于常温和高温耐磨耐腐蚀工作条件的零部件，如水轮机叶片、高压泵零件、高炉料钟等。
D656堆焊焊条 型号：EDZ-A2-16
用途：用于中等冲击情况下主要受磨料磨损的耐磨腐蚀件、如混凝土搅拌机、高速混沙机、螺旋送料机以及工作温度不超过500℃的高炉料钟、矿石破碎机、煤孔挖掘机等。
D667堆焊焊条 型号： EDZCr-C-15
用途：用于堆焊要求耐强烈磨损、耐腐蚀和耐气蚀的场合，如石油工业中离心裂化泵轴套、矿山破碎机、零件及柴油机引擎上的气门盖等。
D678堆焊焊条 型号： EDZ-131-08
用途：用于矿山机械和破碎机零部件等受磨料磨损部件的堆焊。
D680/D687堆焊焊条 型号： EDZCr-D-15
用途：用于强烈磨损的场合，如牙轮钻头小轴、煤孔挖掘机、提升斗、破碎机辊、泵框筒、混合气叶片等。
D707堆焊焊条 型号： EDW-A-15
用途：用于堆焊耐岩石强烈磨损的机械零部件，如混凝土搅拌机叶片、推土机、挖泥机叶片、高速混砂箱等。
D717/D717A堆焊焊条 型号： EDW-B-15
用途：用于堆焊耐岩石强烈磨损的机械零部件，如三牙轮钻头的牙抓背部、鼓风机叶片、强力采煤滚筒、扎糖机轧辊、混凝土搅拌机叶片等。
D802钴基焊条型号： EDCoCr-A-03
用途：用于在650℃左右工作仍能保持良好的耐磨性和耐腐蚀性的场合，或承受冲击和冷热交错的部位，如堆焊高温高压阀门及热剪刀刃等。
D812钴基焊条 型号： EDCoCr-B-03
用途：用于高温高压阀门、高压泵的轴套筒和内衬套以及化纤设备的斩刀刃口等。 D822钴基焊条 型号： EDCoCr-C-03
用途：用于牙轮钻头轴承、锅炉的旋转叶轮、粉碎机刃口、螺旋送料机等磨损部件的堆焊。
D842钴基焊条 型号： EDCoCr-D-03
用途：用于高温条件下承受冲击和冷热交错的工件堆焊，如热锻模，阀门密封面等，具有良好的性能。
D918堆焊焊条 型号：EDZ-A2-08
用途：用于受中等或剧烈冲击情况下磨料磨损，如农业机械、矿山机械、粉碎机等。
D007堆焊焊条 型号：EDTV-15
用途：用于灰口铸铁球、球墨铸铁和合金铸铁件的堆焊及焊补，如大型铸铁压延模、铸铁成形模及铸铁模具等。
7. 海洋石油655船信息
展开全部
156项重点工程列表
煤炭(25项) 总计采煤2165万吨 洗煤950万吨
鹤岗东山1号立井 续建 鹤岗 50~55 采煤90万吨
鹤岗兴安台10号立井 续建 鹤岗 52~56 采煤150万吨
辽源中央立井 续建 辽源 50~55 采煤90万吨
阜新平安立井 续建 阜新 52~57 采煤150万吨
阜新新邱一号立井 新建 阜新 54~58 采煤60万吨
阜新海州露天矿 续建 阜新 50~57 采煤300万吨
兴安台洗煤厂 新建 鹤岗 57~59 洗煤150万吨
城子河洗煤厂 新建 鸡西 57~59 洗煤150万吨
城子河9号立井 新建 鸡西 55~59 采煤75万吨
山西潞安洗煤厂 新建 潞南 56~58 洗煤200万吨
焦作中马村立井 新建 焦作 55~59 采煤60万吨
兴安台二号立井 新建 鹤岗 56~61 采煤150万吨
大同鹅毛口立井 新建 大同 57~61 采煤120万吨
淮南谢家集中央洗煤厂 新建 淮南 57~59 洗煤100万吨
兴化湾沟立井 新建 兴化 56~58 洗煤60万吨
峰峰中央洗煤厂 新建 峰峰 57~59 洗煤200万吨
抚顺西露天矿 改建 抚顺 53~59 采煤300万吨
抚顺龙凤矿 改建 抚顺 53~58 洗煤90万吨
抚顺老虎台矿 改建 抚顺 53~57 洗煤80
抚顺胜利矿 改建 抚顺 53~57 洗煤90
双鸭山洗煤厂 新建 双鸭山 54~58 洗煤150
铜川王石凹立井 新建 铜川 57~61 采煤120
峰峰通顺三号立井 新建 峰峰 57~61 采煤120
平顶山2号立井 新建 平顶山 57~60 采煤90
抚顺东露天矿 新建 抚顺 56~61 油母页岩700万立方米
石油(2项) 炼油170万吨
兰州炼油厂 新建 兰州 56~59 炼油100万吨
抚顺第二制油厂 改建 抚顺 56~59 页岩原油70万吨
电力(25项) 装机288.65万千瓦
阜新热电站 扩建 阜新 51~58 15万千瓦
抚顺电站 扩建 抚顺 52~57 15万千瓦
重庆电站 新建 重庆 53~54 2.4万千瓦
丰满水电站 扩建 丰满 51~59 42.25万千瓦
大连热电站 扩建 大连 54~56 2.5万千瓦
太原第1热电站 新建 太原 53~57 7.4万千瓦
西安热电站(1-2期) 新建 西安 52~57 4.8万千瓦
郑州第2热电站 新建 郑州 52~53 1.2万千瓦
富拉尔基热电站 新建 富拉尔基 52~55 5万千瓦
乌鲁木齐热电站 新建 乌鲁木齐 52~59 1.9万千瓦
吉林热电站 扩建 吉林 56~58 10万千瓦
太原第二热电站 新建 太原 56~58 5万千瓦
石家庄热电站1-2期 新建 石家庄 56~59 4.9万千瓦
雩县热电站1-2期 新建鄂县 56-60 10万千瓦
兰州热电站 新建 兰州 56-58 10万千瓦
青山热电站 扩建 武汉 56-59 11.2万千瓦
个旧电站1-2期 新建 个旧 54-58 2.8万千瓦
包头四道沙河热电站 新建 包头 56-58 5万千瓦
包头宁家壕热电站 新建 包头 57-60 6.2万千瓦
佳木斯纸厂热电站 新建 佳木斯 55-57 2.4万千瓦
株洲热电站 新建 株洲 55-57 1.2万千瓦
成都热电站 新建 成都 56-58 5万千瓦
洛阳热电站 新建 洛阳 56-58 7.5万千瓦
三门峡水利枢纽 新建 陕县 56-69 110万千瓦
北京热电站 新建 北京 58-59 10万千瓦
钢铁（7项） 铁670万吨钢636.6万吨钢材360万吨
鞍山钢铁公司 改建 鞍山 52-60 铁250钢320钢材250
本溪钢铁公司 改建 本溪 53-57 铁110
富拉尔基特钢厂1-2期 新建 富拉尔基 53-58 钢16.6万吨
吉林铁合金公司 新建 吉林 53-56 铁合金4.35万吨
武汉钢铁公司 新建 武汉 55-62 生铁150钢150我材110
包头钢铁公司 新建 包头 56-62 生铁160钢150
热河钒钛矿 新建 承德 56-58 钛镁7000吨钒铁1000吨
有色金属(11项)
抚顺铝厂1-2期 改建 抚顺 52-57 铝锭3.9万吨铝0.12万吨
哈尔滨铝加工厂1-2期 新建 哈尔滨 52-58 铝材3万吨
吉林电缆厂 新建 吉林 53-55 石墨制品2.23万吨
株洲硬质合金厂 新建 株洲 55-57 硬质合金500吨
杨家杖子钼矿 新建 杨家杖子 56-58 钼矿4700吨
云南锡业公司 新建 个旧 54-58 锡3万吨
江西大吉山钨矿 新建 赣南 55-59 采选1600吨/日
江西西华山钨矿 新建 大余 56-59 1856
江西岿美山钨矿 新建 定南 56-59 1570
白银有色金属公司 新建白银 56-62 电铜3万吨硫酸2.5万吨
洛阳有色金属加工厂 新建 洛阳 57-62 铜材6万吨
化工(7项) 合成氨15.4万吨硝酸铵18.8万吨
吉林染料厂 新建 吉林 55-58 合成染料及中间体7385吨
吉林氮肥厂 新建 吉林 54-57 合成氨5万吨硝酸铵9万吨
吉林电石厂 新建 吉林 55-57 电石6万吨
太原化工厂 新建 太原 54-58 硫酸4万吨
兰州合成橡胶厂 新建 兰州 56-60 合成橡胶1.5万吨
太原氮肥厂 新建 太原 57-60 合成氨5.2万吨硝酸铵9.8万吨
机械(24个)
哈尔滨锅炉厂1-2期 新建 哈尔滨 54-60 高中压锅炉4080吨/年
长春第一汽车厂 新建 长春 53-56 解放牌汽车3万辆
沈阳第一机床厂 新建 沈阳 53-55 车床4000台
哈尔滨量具刃具厂 新建 哈尔滨 53-54 量刃具512万付/1032吨
沈阳风动工具厂 改建 沈阳 52-54 各种风动工具2万台/554吨
沈阳电缆厂 改建 沈阳 52-54 各种电缆3万吨
哈尔滨仪表厂 新建 哈尔滨 53-56 电气仪表10万只汽车仪表5万套电度表60万只
哈尔滨汽轮机厂(1-2期) 新建 哈尔滨 54-60 汽轮机60万千瓦
沈阳第二机床厂 改建 沈阳 55-58 各种机床4497台/1.6万吨
武汉重型机床厂 新建 武汉 55-59 机床380台
洛阳拖拉机厂 新建 洛阳 56-59 拖拉机1.5万台
洛阳滚珠轴承厂 新建 洛阳 54-58 滚珠轴承1000万套
兰州石油机械厂 新建 兰州 56-59 石油设备1.5万吨
西安高压电瓷厂 新建 西安 58-61 各种电瓷1.5万吨
西安开关整流器厂 新建 西安 58-61 高压开关1.3万套
西安绝缘材料厂 新建 西安 56-60 各种绝缘材料6000吨
西安电力电窗容器厂 新建西安 56-58 电力电容器100千伏安6.1万只
洛阳矿山机械厂 新建 洛阳 56-58 矿山机械设备2万吨
哈尔滨电机厂汽轮发电机车间 新建 哈尔滨 54-60 汽轮发电机60万千瓦
富拉尔机重机厂 新建 富拉尔基 54-60 轧机炼钢炼铁设备6万吨
哈尔滨炭刷厂 新建 哈尔滨 56-58 电刷及炭素制品100吨
哈尔滨滚珠轴承厂 改建 哈尔滨 57-59 滚珠轴承655万套
湘潭船用电机厂 新建 湘潭 57-59 电机11万千瓦
兰州炼油化工机械厂 新建兰州 56-59 化工设备2.5万吨
轻工(1项)
佳木斯造纸厂 新建 佳木斯 53-57 水泥纸袋5万吨
医药(2项)
华北制药厂 新建 石家庄 54-58 青霉素链霉素等115吨淀粉1.5万吨
太原制药厂 新建 太原 54-58 磺铵1200吨
军工项目(43项)
航空部12项
112厂：沈阳飞机工业集团 改建 53～57
113厂：西安航空动力控制工程有限公司 新建 55～57
114厂：西安庆安集团 新建 55～57
115厂：陕西兴平秦岭航空电气公司 新建 55～57
120厂：哈尔滨东安发动机集团 改建 53～55
122厂：哈尔滨飞机工业集团 改建 53～55
212厂：宝鸡宝成通用电子公司 新建 55～62
320厂：南昌航空工业集团 改建 53～57
331厂：株洲南方航空动力机械公司 改建 55～56
410厂：沈阳黎明发动机制造公司 改建 53～57
422厂：陕西422厂统计了两次，造成两项重复计算
514厂：陕西兴平华兴航空机轮公司 新建 55～62
电子部10项
715厂：四川成都宏明无线电器材厂 新建 55～57
719厂：四川成都新兴仪器厂 新建 55～57
738厂：北京有线电厂 新建 55～57
774厂：北京电子管厂 改建 54～56
782厂：陕西宝鸡长岭机器厂 新建 56～57
784厂：四川成都锦江电机厂 新建 57～60
785厂：山西太原无线电厂 新建 56～59
786厂：陕西西安黄河机器制造厂 新建 55～58
788厂：四川 ？ 新建 57～60
853厂：陕西华达无线电器材厂 新建 55～58
兵器部16项
245厂：太原北方兴安化学工业有限公司 新建 53～59
248厂：西安北方光电有限公司 新建 55～57
447厂：内蒙古包头第二机械制造厂 新建 55～59
617厂：包头第一机械制造集团有限公司 新建 56～58
616厂：山西柴油机工业有限责任公司 新建 56～58
748厂：山西？ 新建 53～58
768厂：北京大华无线电器材厂 新建 55～58
803厂：西安北方华山机电有限公司 新建 56～57
804厂：西安北方庆华机电集团有限公司 新建 55～59
806厂：甘肃天水？ 新建 56～60
843厂：西安北方秦川集团有限公司 新建 55～59
844厂：西安东方集团有限公司 新建 55～59
845厂：西安北方惠安化学工业有限公司 新建 55～58
847厂：西安昆仑(集团)有限责任公司 新建 55～57
884厂：山西太原汾西机器厂 新建 55～59
908厂：山西太原新华化工有限责任公司 新建 55～58
航天部2项
111厂：沈阳航天新光集团 改建 53～56
211厂：首都航空机械公司(属航天一院) 新建 54～57
船舶公司3项
407厂：河南洛阳柴油机集团有限公司 新建 56～60
408厂：陕西兴平柴油机厂 新建 56～60
431厂：渤海船舶重工有限公司（葫芦岛）新建 56～60 生产核潜艇
“二五”时期施工3项
有色金属2项
云南昆明东川矿务局 新建 58～61 采选2万吨/日
云南曲靖会泽铅锌矿 新建 58～62 铅1.5万吨、锌3万吨
军工1项
874厂：山西侯马平阳机械厂 新建 58～66
8. 海洋石油681船
音标是学习英语的第一步，想要学好音标需要认识音标、会读音标，这样以后才能认识单词。在学习音标前，我们要先知道国际音标有48个，元音有20个，辅音有28个，元音又分为单元音和双元音，单元音有12个，双元音有8个。
音标数目
在上表中，我们可以看到音标有48个，现在我们常说的国际音标也是48个。
可以点击下面链接学习音标。
《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK》
元音部分
辅音部分
音标的分类
最实用的分类方式是：元音=长元音+短元音+双元音；辅音=清辅音+浊辅音。
英语一共有48个国际音标，包括20个元音，28个辅音。
20个元音包括5个长元音：/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/；
7个短元音：[i] [ə] [ɔ] [u] [ʌ] [e] [æ]；
8个双元音：/eɪ、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/；
注意：
1、长元音顾名思义就是发的音比较长而饱满；短元音则发的音比较短而急；
2、双元音就是两个单元音拼在一起，成为组合音。双元音发音的特点是前面的单元音发音长，后面的发音比较短。
28个辅音包括：轻辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/
浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/
鼻音 /m/ /n/ /ŋ/
半元音 /j/ /w/
边音 /ǀ/
发音技巧
长元音
点击这个视频学习长元音发音。《【元音音标（长元音）-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/xz9mOz3》
5个长元音/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/发音技巧。
（1）/i:/发音技巧：
发音时舌尖抵下齿，口形扁平。在发音的时候要尽量拉长，就像古人喝醉酒以后吟诗的感觉。
单词举例：bee [biː] n. 蜜蜂；see [siː] v. 看见，参看
（2）/ɜ:/发音技巧：
/ɜ:/是长元音，近似于北京腔的“儿”话音，如“花儿”的“儿”。发好这个音，关键在于卷舌！
单词举例：shirt [ʃə:t] n. 衬衫,男士衬衫；nurse [nə:s] n. 护士,保姆
（3）/u:/发音技巧
发这个音时双唇用力向前突出，有点像拉长了音说“乌”，但要注意，“乌”的口形较扁。
单词举例：moon [mu:n] n. 月球,月亮；room [ruːm] n. 房间,空间
（4）/a:/发音技巧
发音时口张大，双唇稍收圆。发音时可以照着镜子，说“啊”，看看嘴巴张得够不够大，记得要将嘴巴尽量张大。
单词举例：ask [a:sk] v. 问,询问； far [fa:r] adj. 远的
（5）/ɔ:/发音技巧
发这个音时，双唇稍稍收圆，并向前突出，发音接近于汉语“嗷”。这是个长元音，记住：长元音一定要拉长，发出来才好听。
单词举例：door [dɔ:r] n. 门； short [ʃɔ:t] adj. 短的
短元音
点击这个视频学习短元音发音。《【【英语音标7个短元音/ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/怎么读？】-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/fo9Bd5E》
7个短元音：/i/、/ə/、 /ɔ/、/u/、/ʌ/、/e/、/æ/
（1）/i/发音技巧
它是个短元音，发音要短促而轻快。
单词举例：big [bɪɡ] adj. 大的,庞大的；Fit [fit] v. 合身,适合于
（2）/ə/发音技巧
发音时舌身平放，双唇扁平。发这个音时不用卷舌。
单词举例：teacher [ˈtiːtʃə] n. 老师,教师； mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 母亲
（3）/ɔ/ 发音技巧
这是一个短元音，发音一定要短，发音比/ɔ:/短一些，双唇稍稍收圆，并向前突出。
单词举例：dog [dɔg] n.狗,家伙；hot [hɔt] adj. 热的,辣的
（4）/u/ 发音技巧
发音时双唇收圆，稍突出。就像发汉语中的“乌”，但没发完就给打断了一样。
单词举例：book [bʊk] n. 书,卷；cook [kʊk] vt. 烹调,煮
（5）/ʌ/ 发音技巧
发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿，唇形稍扁，开口度较大。这个发音有点像发“啊”音时突然被谁卡住了脖子的感觉。
单词举例：brother['brʌðə(r)] n. 哥哥，弟弟；mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 母亲
（6）/e/发音技巧
发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，上下嘴张开的角度大约呈“45度”，同时发出声音。
单词举例：leg [leg] v. n. 腿,支柱； desk [desk] n. 书桌
（7）/æ/发音技巧
发音时，双唇向两边平伸，张开嘴，嘴唇放松逐渐压低舌头7和下颚，尽可能夸张。
单词举例：bad [bæd] ：adj. 坏的,不好的；cat [kæt] ：n. 猫，猫科动物
双元音
点击这个视频学习双元音发音。《【【英语基础】英语国际音标-8个双元音的发音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/VQsPDdl》
8个双元音发音技巧：/eɪ/、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/
（1）/eɪ/发音技巧
该音是个双元音，发音时双唇稍扁，口形从半开到合。类似于英文字母“A”。
单词举例：say[sei] v.说；delay[diˈlei] n. 延迟
（2）/aɪ/发音技巧
发此音的关键是要把/a/音发足，接近于英文字母中的“I”。
单词举例：ice [ais] n. 冰，雪糕；side [said] n. 面，边
（3）/ɔɪ/发音技巧
发音时双唇从圆到扁，口形从开到合。接近于汉语发音“奥一”。
单词举例：oil [ɔil] n. 油，石油；noise [nɔɪz] n. 噪音，嘈杂声
（4）/ɪə/发音技巧
发声时，由第一个音[i]向[ə]集中，接近于汉语发音“一呃”。
单词举例：fear [fɪər] ：n. 害怕，可能性；dear [dɪər] ：adj. 亲爱的
（5）/eə/发音技巧
接近于汉语发音“哎呃”。
单词举例：bear [bɛə] ：n. 熊；wear [wɛə] ：vt. 穿着
（6）/ʊə/发音技巧
第一个是“短乌音”/u/，第二个是/ə/。类似于汉语发音“屋呃”。
单词举例：sure [ʃʊər] adj. 确信的，确实的；pure [pjʊər] adj. 纯的； 单纯的
（7）/əʊ/发音技巧
舌位由半低到高，口形由半开到小。接近于汉语发音“呃屋”。
单词举例： flow [fləu] ：vi. 流；glow [ɡləʊ] ：vi. 发光，灼热
（8）/aʊ/发音技巧
由第一个音向第二个音滑动，接近于汉语发音“啊屋”。
单词举例：cow [kaʊ] n. 奶牛，乳牛；hour [aʊər] n. 小时，钟头
辅音
点击这个视频学习辅音发音。《【英语音标（辅音部分），发音规则与技巧！美式发音，地道口语！清辅音，浊辅音！初级，零基础，欢迎新手！-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/dCgZVAA》
11个清辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/
11个浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/
注意：
清辅音：发音时送气，声带不颤动（颤不颤用手放在喉咙上就知道了）
浊辅音：发音时不送气(拿张纸放在嘴前，纸没有被吹开)，声带颤动。
（1）/p/ /b/谐音分别为“普”、“卜”，都省去韵母成分
发音方法：/p/是清辅音，声带不振动；/b/是浊辅音，声带振动。
单词举例：/p/：pen [pen] n.钢笔；pin [pin] n.大头针
/b/：bike [baik] n.自行车；beg [beg] v.乞求
（2）/t/ /d/分别谐音“特”、“得”。
发音方法：/t/是清辅音，声带不振动；/d/是浊辅音，声带振动。
单词举例：/t/ ：ten [ten] num； test [test] n. 试验, 考验
/d/： student [ˈstudnt] n.学生； date [deɪt] n.日期、日子、约见时间 v.注明日期、写上日期
（3）/k/ /g/分别谐音“可”、“嗝”。
发音方法：发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软颚，憋住气，然后突然分开，气流送出口腔，形成爆破音。/k/是清辅音，声带不要振动；/g/是浊辅音，声带需要振动。
单词举例：/k/ ：kite [kait] n. 风筝；cake [keɪk] n. 蛋糕
/g/： glove [ɡlʌv] n. 手套；girl [ɡə:l] n. 女孩
（4）/f/ /v/
/f/谐音“府”，/v/就是北方人把W读成V那种感觉。
发音方法：发音前，上齿咬住下嘴唇，然后使气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过，从而引起摩擦。
/f/是清辅音，发音时声带不震动；/v/是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。
单词举例：/f/：flower ['flaʊər] n. 花；fly [flai] vi.飞, 飞行
/v/：love [lʌv] v. 爱；seven [ˈsevən] num. 七
(5)/θ/ /ð/ 牙齿轻咬舌尖发出的音
发音方法：发音时，舌尖微微伸出，置于上下门齿之间，舌尖和下齿之间的气流通道非常窄小，气流从舌齿间的窄缝中通过。/θ/是清辅音，发音时声带不振动；/ð/是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。
单词举例：/θ/：three [θri:] num. 三； throw [θrəʊ] vi. 投掷
/ð/：this [ðɪs] pron. 这,这个，这里； mother [ˈmʌðə(r)] n. 母亲
(6)/s/ 谐音“丝”，/z/“zi”
发音方法：发音时舌端靠近齿龈，气流由舌端齿龈间送出。/s/是清辅音，声带不振动；/z/是浊浦音，声带振动。
单词举例：/s/：school [sku:l] n. 学校，学院；bus [bʌs] n. 公共汽车
/z/：please [pli:z] int.请；zoo [zu:] n.动物园
(7)/ts/ /dz/分别谐音“次”、“自”
发音方法：舌端先贴住上齿龈，堵住气流，气流送出口腔。/ts/是清辅音，声带不振动，/dz/是浊辅音，声带振动。
单词举例：/ts/：cats [kæts] n. 猫( cat的名词复数 )；hats [hæts] n. 帽子( hat的名词复数 )
/dz/：hands [hændz] n.手；lands [lændz] n.陆地
(8)/tr/ /dr/分别谐音“戳”、“捉”
发音方法：舌尖贴齿龈后部，气流冲破阻碍发出短促的/t/后立即发/r/。/tr/是清辅音，声带不振动；/dr/是浊辅音，声带振动。
单词举例：/tr/ : tree [tri:] n. 树，木料；try [traɪ] vt.& vi. 试图
/dr/：dress [dres] n.连衣裙；drink [drɪŋk] v.喝酒
(9)/∫/ /ʒ/分别谐音“诗”、“日”
发音方法：/∫/是清辅音，声带不振动；/ʒ/是浊辅音，声带振动。
单词举例：/∫/：English [ˈɪŋglɪʃ] adj. 英格兰的； 英国的；rubbish [ˈrʌbɪʃ] n. 垃圾；
/ʒ/：pleasure [ˈpleʒə] n.快乐，愉快；casual [ˈkæʒuəl] adj意外的，偶然的
（10）/t∫/ /dʒ/分别谐音“吃”、“之”
发音方法：发音时舌身抬高，舌端抵上齿龈后部，气流通过时发出破擦音。/t∫/是清辅音，声带不振动；/dʒ/是浊辅音，声带振动。
单词举例：/t∫/： chalk [tʃɔ:k] n. 粉笔；chair [tʃeər] n. 椅子
/dʒ/：page [peɪdʒ] n.页 ；age [eɪdʒ] n.年龄
(11)/h/ /r/分别谐音“呵”、“若”，省去韵母成分。
发音方法：
发/h/这个音时，嘴半开，气流从口腔不受阻碍而出，声带不振动，清辅音。
发/r/这个音时，舌端上卷，靠近上齿龈附近，嘴唇张开并保持略圆状态，气流从口腔涌出，声带振动，属于浊辅音。
单词举例: /h/： hair [heə(r)] n.头发；hate [heɪt] v.恨，厌恶
/r/： sorry ['sɒrɪ] v.对不起 ；write [raɪt] v.写
鼻音
点击这个视频学习鼻音发音。《【（21）鼻音 m n ŋ | 英语音标发音口型示范 | 美式发音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/8P1jfXx》
(1)/m/谐音“恩”
发音方法：双唇紧闭，软腭下垂，气流从鼻腔发出，声带震动。闭口音。
单词举例：major [ˈmeɪdʒə(r)] adj.主要的；time [taɪm] n.时间
(2)/n/谐音“呢”
发音方法：舌尖顶住上齿龈，形成阻碍，气流从鼻腔发出，同时声带震动，开口音。
单词举例：nice [naɪc] adj.漂亮的；funny [ˈfʌni] adj.有趣的
(3)/ŋ/谐音“英”，省去声母部分
发音方法：发音时气流从鼻腔涌出，声带振动。
单词举例： think [θɪŋk] v.想；angel [ˈeɪndʒl] n.天使
边音
点击这个视频学习边音发音。《【真正的国际音标-边音 Lateral-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/G9C7X9F》
/l/谐音“里”
发音方法：舌尖顶住上齿龈，发音时气流从舌面的两侧通过，声带保持震动，属于浊辅音。
单词举例：light [laɪt] n.光线 ；ball [bɔ:l] n.球
半元音
点击这个视频学习半元音发音。《【BBC英语 其他辅音 半元音'w'的发音 与'v'的区别 国际音标发音｜Pronunciation Tips 34 - Other Consonant-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/fC2pYDl》
/j/谐音“耶”
发音方法：发音时声带震动，气流口腔发出。浊辅音，发音口型类似/ i/.
单词举例：ye [jes] adv.是的；young [jʌŋ] adj.年轻的
/w/谐音“屋”
发音方法：嘴唇张开到刚好可以含住一根吸管的程度，并向前微噘起，但上齿不能接触下唇,立刻滑向其后的元音。
单词举例：wish [wɪʃ] ：v. 希望； which [wɪtʃ] ：pron. 哪一个
学习步骤
抄写
抄写音标，并了解音标特点。
对音标的基本认知
1、区别长短音带“：”的音标发音相对较长不带“：”的音标发音相对较短。
2、区别清辅音和浊辅音核心区别：清辅音声带不震动，浊辅音声带振动。
模仿练习
找合适的视频学习学习跟读。例如b站上《【赖世雄48个英语音标朗读示范，美音英音对照版-哔哩哔哩】 【https://b23.tv/sHYQFZ3】》、《【李咏梅老师英语（音标部分）——最牛的初中英语老师！没有之一！李咏梅国际音标 （完整版发音篇）-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/U1pmjNE》、《【纯正英式发音】这是BBC出品的到现在为止最棒的英语发音教程（完整版）-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/gZzDKl5》，以上几个视频都非常不错，详细讲解每个音标的读法。注意视频一定至少跟读5遍，才能确保你的学习效果。
也可以通过下面这个视频观察发音口型的变化。
《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK》
1、模仿练习，学习国际音标的发音，要注意观察老师的口型，观察发音部位的变化，主动模仿发音，初学可以对着镜子模仿练习，特别是元音发音的舌位高低，口腔开口度大小与音色关系十分密切，可以通过镜子观察口型上的区别，观察舌尖、舌面、舌叶的活动情况，比如u和o、i和e、e和ε等等，掌握准确口腔开口度，对于准确发音具有非常重要的意义。
2、听音训练:学习国际音标需要认识48个音标，通过反反复复的听力练习，达到强化记忆。听音训练，如果有条件，可以多听老师朗读音标，也可以使用录音带反复听音，本课件中的每个音素，都可以循环倾听，强化记忆。
3、多动口，动口是加强实践的关键和核心，听音也好，模仿也好，比较也好，最终要归结到自己发音这一目标上来，所以勤动口是掌握国际音标发音的关键。俗话说，"三天不写手生，三天不念口生"，说的就是要加强动手动口能力的培养。因此学习国际音标，要时时加强语音训练，勤动口，反复实践练习，在实践中比较，在实践中体会差别，做到熟能生巧，这样自然就掌握国际音标的发音了。
重点音标讲解
单元音
[i:] =“一”
[ɪ]：[ɪ]开口要比[i:]稍大，注意比较两图口型。
[e] 嘴张45°，[æ]嘴张90°
[ɜ:r] [ər]=“二”
[ə]=额（不卷舌）
[ʌ]：开口比“啊”略小
[ɑ:r]=卷舌的“啊”
[ɑ] =“啊”
[ɔ] =开口稍大的“哦”
[ɔ:r]=卷舌的“哦”
[u:]核心：双唇由半开微突，过渡到合嘴圆唇
[ʊ] 发成噘嘴的[ə],气流向外。
双元音
双元音较简单，大多数可进行类比，注意双元音的重音在第一个音标，即前一个音读的稍重，后一个音读的较轻。
[eɪ]=“A”
[aɪ]=“I”
[əʊ]=“O”
[ɔɪ]=“哦一”
[ɪə]=ear
[eə]=air
[ʊə]=“乌尔”
辅音
大部分辅音跟“汉语拼音”都有相似之处，直接看视频模仿即可，这里只讲解易错发音。
爆破音：
[t] [p] [k] 不要读成[tə] [pə] [kə] 注意：它们声带不震动
摩擦音：
[f][v] 咬唇音，注意上齿咬下唇
[θ][ð]
上下齿轻咬舌头，发音时能看到你的舌头露出
[ʃ]=不发音的“诗” [ʒ]= “日”
[r]=撅嘴＋卷舌的“热” [h]=不发音＋舌头平放的“喝”
鼻音
[m] 合嘴
[n] 舌前部抵住上颚
[ŋ] 嘴巴张开
舌侧音[l]
元音前：跟拼音“l”发音一致元音后：发“l”的前半段
半元音
[j] “也”
[w] =圆唇噘嘴的“我”
破擦音
[tʃ]= 不发声的“吃”
[dʒ]= “居”
[ts]=不发声的“次”
[dz]=“子”
[tr] 先发“t”，在发“r”，最后结合在一起
[dr] 同上
词汇拼读
1、规划拼读任务，拿出单词书或课本词汇表，找只含1~2个音节的单词拼读，20个为一组，每天练习3组，当然如果有时间，多进行几组也OK，加强效果。后期难度逐渐加大。
2、输入法识别词汇，每拼读一个词汇，都对着X飞输入法的语音识别功能朗读，看能否被输入法识别出单词，用机器来检测是否读的准确。
3、听词汇跟读，不管输入法识别出单词，还是没识别出单词，都要查手机字典，来听一遍听力，并跟读，模仿语调和轻重读音。
例如：Cash driver apartment money breakfast lawyer agency
学习计划
1、国际音标，一共48个，每天学4个，12天学完，元音和辅音每天各学习两个。
2、学完以后结合和音标相关的单词，每天坚持读一个小时，第二天要把第一天的一块儿读，第三天要把前两天的一块儿读，依次类推，坚持学完所有的音标，就可以读字典上任何一个单词。
3、长期坚持下去，会发现其实很多字母和音标有着关联，比如ph都发音标f的音，字母u发尖a的音，类似的规律，当大家坚持下来以后会发现很多，同时你甚至可以听到单词的发音就能把单词拼出来，直接就把背单词的问题解决了，音标会读，单词会读，单词会背，听力当然也不再是问题。自己总结出来的规律说明真的学会了，同时自己得出来的结论要比老师直接告诉你印象更深刻，同时最重要的是用起来更容易。
注意事项
1、了解发音要领，模仿老师口型
学习语音，一定要注意口型，并仔细揣摩每个音标的发音要领，特别是相似音标的发音区别。
零基础学员不要以为盯着老师的口型就好了，其实发音很多都是内部器官看不到的， 所以需要老师正确的发音示范，跟着老师一起读，然后再加上老师给的一些技巧，继续跟读，老师感觉哪有问题，再帮着纠正，这样一系列过程才是练成标准发音的秘籍。
2、 单词拼读实战，一对一纠正错误
养成一口纯正口语最重要的还是练习练习再练习，单词拼读实战训练，巩固你的发音。不断读，不断纠正，训练单个音标到训练多个单词，在学习语音的过程中，再掌握一些基础的词汇。
3、辩音练习，纠正错误，掌握发音规律
训练难度会随着课程的深入不断加强，但还是训练相同的内容，一节课很多类似的训练内容。音标中很多类似的发音，将相似音放在一起对比再练习，舌头和耳朵在这很重要。
%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音标是学习英语的第一步，想要学好音标需要认识音标、会读音标，这样以后才能认识单词。在学习音标前，我们要先知道国际音标有48个，元音有20个，辅音有28个，元音又分为单元音和双元音，单元音有12个，双元音有8个。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"X0ayd2WScoy4M6xsFVmcneA8n8f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音标数目","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XGMMdqqKGoIkyGxmsOVcclDvnFd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在上表中，我们可以看到音标有48个，现在我们常说的国际音标也是48个。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AESAdWCuQoQUiuxmQkVcGNVXnbe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"可以点击下面链接学习音标。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E20kdWCCso4ykCx45GjcqgWynqa"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AqckdkO2SoWKyoxQJlCcXjKcn4f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"元音部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MsOsda4UyoA0yUx4xP6czKClnJg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":345,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"元音部分","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a663fdb6f1284e47acca44c09060b0a2","width":694},"text":"","id":"AEKudCk2So0cmMxCAIeceBvxnjf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KisEdmSmgogIwoxC4ZMcG3QknLe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":601,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音部分","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7467dcbf994549a5a6381df079b4301f","width":561},"text":"","id":"PAIEdU6suogWcexSCXRc664TnUf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音标的分类","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YouadwUQwosyeyxasemc2PIHnjb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"最实用的分类方式是：元音=长元音+短元音+双元音；辅音=清辅音+浊辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IwWMdM0y4okSc6xUXz8cZOKMnWg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"英语一共有48个国际音标，包括20个元音，28个辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZEYEdomcAoIWSIx0gs6ctJvEnHg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"20个元音包括5个长元音：/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TOEMdsCmEo8wmuxy9sgchI0Dncu"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7个短元音：[i] [ə] [ɔ] [u] [ʌ] [e] [æ]；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JSgsdwwsWoc2i8xcLMycBbyfnae"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8个双元音：/eɪ、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FEqydSEaYoYgAExG0OJcpQCinVe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QgMudGYi4ooOcUxmocWcCoCEn1I"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、长元音顾名思义就是发的音比较长而饱满；短元音则发的音比较短而急；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CUm2dg0ayooas8xw7mKc1LHmnHb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、双元音就是两个单元音拼在一起，成为组合音。双元音发音的特点是前面的单元音发音长，后面的发音比较短。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"L6kydWcCEosSoGx4YDdcStKNnRb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"28个辅音包括：轻辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AIKwdykA4ogsCMxghM8cwNI2ndd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EKwedeuCIoQOQOxsPGjcKnRinVe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音 /m/ /n/ /ŋ/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NsCOdg4ACo2C8cxYDOvc9jprnMe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音 /j/ /w/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YgEed6IysogkMcxCm9rcZCI9nMc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"边音 /ǀ/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UkYUdw6iMoqSiqxwvFGcq3HTnTb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":551,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音标的分类","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6872a8bb79f14f40989a6ed6bc41be7a","width":720},"text":"","id":"C4qGduOAkoiWuQx0ixicZGvqnPh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VYc4dsOwco02wAxAp27chauenkc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MI8CdGMgmoi24ox6Isuc2rBwnSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习长元音发音。《【元音音标（长元音）-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/xz9mOz3"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/xz9mOz3","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AmiUdgiYaoo2m8xCLThcfQzVnob"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5个长元音/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/发音技巧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FKwydmY08oE4Esxsthgc7bG6ngf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）/i:/发音技巧：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JICedKKGioa2S6xOb2IcdXk7n31"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时舌尖抵下齿，口形扁平。在发音的时候要尽量拉长，就像古人喝醉酒以后吟诗的感觉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PuU6dGQ4goEwuyx0SHAcyATXnRh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：bee [biː] n. 蜜蜂；see [siː] v. 看见，参看","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HoymdmuGiocUiExgVgicDvQJn2b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":306,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/11401e7cc5bc444dbe441c1675fed41f","width":451},"text":"","id":"Jwu8dI462oaeoYx2YiTciWTqnvE"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）/ɜ:/发音技巧：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ts2qdA6SgoseSMxKkuqcBll6nug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/ɜ:/是长元音，近似于北京腔的“儿”话音，如“花儿”的“儿”。发好这个音，关键在于卷舌！","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OYYudyQECoAUWCxAXCXcpSQNnwb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：shirt [ʃə:t] n. 衬衫,男士衬衫；nurse [nə:s] n. 护士,保姆","id":""}],"text":"","id":"COSGdekU0o4gUuxMXnMcC6pCn2c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":377,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/623ec09f755c4250bf94380ee9544915","width":562},"text":"","id":"FCiYdGaciomUW2xG0SicnSgFnLd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（3）/u:/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PWOIdEuS2o0WmaxWew6cVNb0nEf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发这个音时双唇用力向前突出，有点像拉长了音说“乌”，但要注意，“乌”的口形较扁。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KGkEdI2kMos20Ox2r4qcCFyXnnc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：moon [mu:n] n. 月球,月亮；room [ruːm] n. 房间,空间","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Esasd8QoioyssQxkPtKc5kBmnJc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":301,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fe82dde826ae4239afa4b48ffe8b0c42","width":453},"text":"","id":"RKWId4Ca4og0QexmwWYcZ2TOnAg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（4）/a:/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TAmEdomGco0mmmxMBcic5uLqnaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时口张大，双唇稍收圆。发音时可以照着镜子，说“啊”，看看嘴巴张得够不够大，记得要将嘴巴尽量张大。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TSYadWSEcooYEQxIUAjct9vnnFJ"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：ask [a:sk] v. 问,询问； far [fa:r] adj. 远的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YAQsdCAoGosGOqxQt5octrTLnYc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":273,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/025ef979d9624dbc88706798e493e87b","width":454},"text":"","id":"JsAodyMG4oaAWUx0eNaclgPRnU7"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（5）/ɔ:/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VyMWdKGuYouWEGxCWxVch2RmnXg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发这个音时，双唇稍稍收圆，并向前突出，发音接近于汉语“嗷”。这是个长元音，记住：长元音一定要拉长，发出来才好听。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MgM2dcYGCo46QcxQbwMc94Nynih"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：door [dɔ:r] n. 门； short [ʃɔ:t] adj. 短的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LgscdccICoGgwaxKaJWc1SyKnIh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":276,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d7a38edc116f4856b5a9593f720e724d","width":450},"text":"","id":"Ho4YdSGgcoUyQqxmgKhctGE7nkd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G0wOd0uowoAm6exEjRdcgKeDnJd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习短元音发音。《【【英语音标7个短元音/ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/怎么读？】-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/fo9Bd5E"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/fo9Bd5E","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WUQIdyWAoo6YMexciCLc5g4mnfx"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7个短元音：/i/、/ə/、 /ɔ/、/u/、/ʌ/、/e/、/æ/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JQe8de0WgoW4WIxIf6EcSf5Jn8g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）/i/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OeiSdAac6oeg4QxICt4cMrZ1ngb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"它是个短元音，发音要短促而轻快。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KyOcdmKcYo2yg0xc9CLchnc0nFg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：big [bɪɡ] adj. 大的,庞大的；Fit [fit] v. 合身,适合于","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Peq6dMSKAoKMiex85ZpcCHMwn8c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":282,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7490f86fa2e840c7822c7a8652cc3b59","width":454},"text":"","id":"Jg8qd0SAGoaqQYxWG62cTGd0nJc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）/ə/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Yi4gdOOSwoqi4ixUPCxcr7dTn8N"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时舌身平放，双唇扁平。发这个音时不用卷舌。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QSWGdgm2wokq4uxaoSxc9pQNnAc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：teacher [ˈtiːtʃə] n. 老师,教师； mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 母亲","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N600dqWCioIGAexsDGtcikolnSc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":285,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fc5b84b799c543ba81a17ef6447d69b3","width":451},"text":"","id":"Zicodsi0aoGSMcxMFmhcGojin4b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（3）/ɔ","id":""},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"/ ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Cwu6dsy0ioSIoQxQ3McctItdnoc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这是一个短元音，发音一定要短，发音比/ɔ:/短一些，双唇稍稍收圆，并向前突出。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"B40SdEqGeommYaxUVmkcbAFunof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：dog [dɔg] n.狗,家伙；hot [hɔt] adj. 热的,辣的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E6OQdeMYeo8kqAxQFP0cUzhtnQf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（4）/u/ 发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MkEMdeuwcoUMQMx2jfDcSL1Lnle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时双唇收圆，稍突出。就像发汉语中的“乌”，但没发完就给打断了一样。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NUQadG2AOoyQiqxovbfcN5hMnSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：book [bʊk] n. 书,卷；cook [kʊk] vt. 烹调,煮","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XiW4dUI0WoeWYaxmgclczYA7nSc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":318,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a926c1aa6d5d4ce79c0d19c2159ce98e","width":454},"text":"","id":"QGcAdYE6MomYUMxuiFcciKOwnKf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（5）/ʌ/ 发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QemKd0uQoogOGqx0yTfccRfnnVf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿，唇形稍扁，开口度较大。这个发音有点像发“啊”音时突然被谁卡住了脖子的感觉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RQgydeee4ogWwyxgJKecse67nsf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：brother['brʌðə(r)] n. 哥哥，弟弟；mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 母亲","id":""}],"text":"","id":"W8i8des8kowCQaxCkeRcyQO0nMc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":282,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1518aaa5800744e6bc885be81174da0d","width":458},"text":"","id":"WMWQdCSuEoUWmExgHZKcmgz1nhb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（6）/e/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HqQmdo8KCoky4ex6tkXch12DnFb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，上下嘴张开的角度大约呈“45度”，同时发出声音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HESCdsQuMo60Eox6PwLcFLN7nkc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：leg [leg] v. n. 腿,支柱； desk [desk] n. 书桌","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UMEmdEuiQoOm8IxWKmhchZ3dnqc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":302,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b3fa4d978e4b447488f631be293165b8","width":451},"text":"","id":"HCSudscUeo2WQexw5h8cEy3znSe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（7）/æ/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FIIOdWuQsoIIwCx4gLAcOprtnje"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时，双唇向两边平伸，张开嘴，嘴唇放松逐渐压低舌头7和下颚，尽可能夸张。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZSsydKw6AoE0QuxERwUcI26KnUh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：bad [bæd] ：adj. 坏的,不好的；cat [kæt] ：n. 猫，猫科动物","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SUkcdksC2osc46xkfiqcMmwtnqe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":286,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/13ef5be403e1446dab200bb2319308db","width":455},"text":"","id":"RyKKdYucIoyoaExSGXwcBg0wnGh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EaaodueAEo268SxMxKfcNGngnFf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习双元音发音。《【【英语基础】英语国际音标-8个双元音的发音-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/VQsPDdl"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/VQsPDdl","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BsecdiMMYoke62xG0Lkcik9snKc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8个双元音发音技巧：/eɪ/、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UUoSdueMqoIYkAxgdQTcnBxBnXg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）/eɪ/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SyYCdiUwooQQuKxUDZccsKHLnfg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"该音是个双元音，发音时双唇稍扁，口形从半开到合。类似于英文字母“A”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZKEwdAkUGoA4iIxpX5EcLq3KnrH"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：say[sei] v.说；delay[diˈlei] n. 延迟 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CIIgdCuUeooCKwxmEuZcCv12nGe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":265,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5dfd6e9e53684a9598530475e2d96126","width":457},"text":"","id":"OsecdEcOyomEsExG25jccuksnHg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）/aɪ/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KwScdKWUuo4koyx8zIlcnspPnKc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发此音的关键是要把/a/音发足，接近于英文字母中的“I”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UguSdq8McoMegMxgrkfc5oKfn5b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：ice [ais] n. 冰，雪糕；side [said] n. 面，边","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HIYQdm4KkocmioxVAXPcjTFInvy"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":303,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1fac52f81d3e43b4ad93559d84c6e4fd","width":452},"text":"","id":"GW2id2oWuoywqex6iJZcG5KXnWh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（3）/ɔɪ/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AOWIdIc8moigIixsbHIckhi8n5G"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时双唇从圆到扁，口形从开到合。接近于汉语发音“奥一”","id":""},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FSw4ducquoQKMuxMtIScMy4wnWd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：oil [ɔil] n. 油，石油；noise [nɔɪz] n. 噪音，嘈杂声","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LW2od6qk0oqyU4x8qOAczdchnCc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":302,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9307e1ed689946e9bd14a681c5b78d92","width":448},"text":"","id":"WMKUd2wgKoIQ6uxQbA9cgGWindd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（4）/ɪə/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Cae2duCEsoem4yxA3tvc0cmdnCf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发声时，由第一个音[i]向[ə]集中，接近于汉语发音“一呃”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C68Md8ms8ociOqxWGiVcBAMJnEe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：fear [fɪər] ：n. 害怕，可能性；dear [dɪər] ：adj. 亲爱的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Eawkdmem6owIQYxisRVcS3Ljnce"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":306,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4aecdc72dc8d4a52a355153570863ecb","width":449},"text":"","id":"UQCadEEogosc0cxCAiZcP9D0nme"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（5）/eə/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Es8ydgUYyoW0UGx0u3PcNSMZnzc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"接近于汉语发音“哎呃”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I42OdKEEso2AYKxwDFhc15xGnPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：bear [bɛə] ：n. 熊；wear [wɛə] ：vt. 穿着","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Mi4GdQ4cooIqGGxWszQcP7P6nUb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":301,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/80a62f63b71d441fab8b7b937db156b5","width":455},"text":"","id":"WKgEdmMEeooMAGxraS2cKlFNnzp"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（6）/ʊə/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JYs6des4GosOg2xWIw7c5U11nBc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第一个是“短乌音”/u/，第二个是/ə/。类似于汉语发音“屋呃”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Qgsgdw2qgoa6WSx2zPjcHHBLnSf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：sure [ʃʊər] adj. 确信的，确实的；pure [pjʊər] adj. 纯的； 单纯的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IqQidGY8uou04vxQr5ucq8izn2T"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":338,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c63377faff584578850c4f931e0964a4","width":500},"text":"","id":"G2Uod4AO2oA0yuxOgbYcsRAUnbg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（7）/əʊ/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AKMadGucOoaaGIxQFbicoXY5n6b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"舌位由半低到高，口形由半开到小。接近于汉语发音“呃屋”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KkSUdWMwwo4CE8xKwmhcnBqwnyc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例： flow [fləu] ：vi. 流；glow [ɡləʊ] ：vi. 发光，灼热","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BKa0dKw0qoIKk2xYZC6cRR28n5b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":305,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/02a605adae3540e89ce2893523886858","width":451},"text":"","id":"NM2wdK6S2oeIQYxCgOxcYt4snue"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（8）/aʊ/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V4eedMomYoYYUUx8kmacWlySn9b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"由第一个音向第二个音滑动，接近于汉语发音“啊屋”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Kuy8dSgWgoKKG0xlGmGcJFU1nm7"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：cow [kaʊ] n. 奶牛，乳牛；hour [aʊər] n. 小时，钟头","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EG88doWaio0GUwx0M5Yc3mtvnwb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":336,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1955882da7c54a7d936a2a26325b2b9c","width":500},"text":"","id":"V04od2GkKokq6WxuazbctmCGnmh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PiwcdwQISoMwgsx0yFucrIYUnih"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习辅音发音。《【英语音标（辅音部分），发音规则与技巧！美式发音，地道口语！清辅音，浊辅音！初级，零基础，欢迎新手！-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/dCgZVAA"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/dCgZVAA","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DAMod2AYQoGwMYxmm7pcZVEgnRd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"11个清辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JY04deUyUo4SOIx00V9cNrjgn2e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"11个浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Aya6dI06WoYGm0xgFG8cd2RWnVd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DCAKdYKa6o6CskxSKjOcMmqYnxe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"清辅音：发音时送气，声带不颤动（颤不颤用手放在喉咙上就知道了）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V4c8d0oaKoiiasxSJbIc3Phpn8z"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"浊辅音：发音时不送气(拿张纸放在嘴前，纸没有被吹开)，声带颤动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C6msd8Wsao4MCox3aGXchxhTnit"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）/p/ /b/谐音分别为“普”、“卜”，都省去韵母成分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WqgqdeYCwoquUGxIpR6cp8i9n6b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：/p/是清辅音，声带不振动；/b/是浊辅音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Q2iUduAywo0QcsxAPIvcauRYn1e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/p/：pen [pen] n.钢笔；pin [pin] n.大头针","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I6YGdymweowsukxi0Chcjet4nbe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/b/：bike [baik] n.自行车；beg [beg] v.乞求","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IukEd2acUomqsix61ZlcYRZgntc"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":291,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/606b063e5abc4abda1a64a5bcd15ed33","width":453},"text":"","id":"GAAodsy42oGcEOxqesecgGainDg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":279,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/62b2c2ff83cd446e913fc3894b60f5ed","width":453},"text":"","id":"LocqdA2WqoWwOmx4iqoc1Co1nzd"}],"text":"","id":"OUu0dw0IUoCAoKxWuwQcERpSn2g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）/t/ /d/分别谐音“特”、“得”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OUu0dw0IUoCAoKxWuwQcERpSn2g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：/t/是清辅音，声带不振动；/d/是浊辅音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WqgudmymyoWeMyxG4qAcXd5Nn3f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/t/ ：ten [ten] num； test [test] n. 试验, 考验","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CmCsdscSUougQExs3LHcC6Yvnxc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/d/： student [ˈstudnt] n.学生； date [deɪt] n.日期、日子、约见时间 v.注明日期、写上日期","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QEwYdeUuqoceaWxmGpgcCQRAnaf"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":285,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a42294e34f854b1db31a0c38ef37302c","width":450},"text":"","id":"Q8KYdagoIo4k20x8FBYcKkY5ng9"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":303,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/904cd5e38687477288a3126fcc4f1018","width":454},"text":"","id":"EOGSdg44io6MwMxwFg2cxsvAnPf"}],"text":"","id":"DQQedqwyMooIEkxIKJIcVruHnlb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（3）/k/ /g/分别谐音“可”、“嗝”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DQQedqwyMooIEkxIKJIcVruHnlb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软颚，憋住气，然后突然分开，气流送出口腔，形成爆破音。/k/是清辅音，声带不要振动；/g/是浊辅音，声带需要振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CiO0dy8SCoiem2xKge6ccUbyn7e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/k/ ：kite [kait] n. 风筝；cake [keɪk] n. 蛋糕","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FUQodyeyyoWuQAx2JGYcZNT1nqd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/g/： glove [ɡlʌv] n. 手套；girl [ɡə:l] n. 女孩","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AQIOdQAAIoSki6xy8ITcIpXtnmh"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":305,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/14d7ac9a6f4f404893f06bdabb1aa226","width":490},"text":"","id":"Emi6dSeEKo2WoixmcDrcz6VHnU6"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":304,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/06964c4beb5c4fce98d2def6ba8ebbca","width":493},"text":"","id":"DYMkdcSk4oSS0AxYncocwbmfnZc"}],"text":"","id":"DySedIAYgoKsywxoVI4cNSDinKe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（4）/f/ /v/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DySedIAYgoKsywxoVI4cNSDinKe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/f/谐音“府”，/v/就是北方人把W读成V那种感觉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ISoKdAUgYoGIyExI5y6cPFHfnPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：发音前，上齿咬住下嘴唇，然后使气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过，从而引起摩擦。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RM62de2eqoAkcixAxO3c7o2nn2b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/f/是清辅音，发音时声带不震动；/v/是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AGkSdk02UoUYoqx87ogcwnwpnPf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/f/：flower ['flaʊər] n. 花；fly [flai] vi.飞, 飞行","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DmI8dMaAyocKYixCAJOcvEDznmb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/v/：love [lʌv] v. 爱；seven [ˈsevən] num. 七","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CaQOdgSIQogyCOxO4sGcBbGqnkg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":307,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8ce3c52756514e448ddc1d518e55ecdf","width":450},"text":"","id":"Pam6duQkAoyQ6Oxq6dwcgin7nTe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":307,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0d517eafc9904db59404a654d6aabfd9","width":499},"text":"","id":"A6ugd446kocAo6xgNYQcDw1hnId"}],"text":"","id":"XICgdYG6eowkcoxiK6zcQDIVn3f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(5)/θ/ /ð/ 牙齿轻咬舌尖发出的音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XICgdYG6eowkcoxiK6zcQDIVn3f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：发音时，舌尖微微伸出，置于上下门齿之间，舌尖和下齿之间的气流通道非常窄小，气流从舌齿间的窄缝中通过。/θ/是清辅音，发音时声带不振动；/ð/是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XmG0de0CookKwKxgJVJctctcnbc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/θ/：three [θri:] num. 三； throw [θrəʊ] vi. 投掷","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BQUadqEywoMcs2xEtzIc5zkmnfb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/ð/：this [ðɪs] pron. 这,这个，这里； mother [ˈmʌðə(r)] n. 母亲","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NGMedc0I2oEIOEx6qDWc6Ca4nwg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":430,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/50168da9a42b477395fa447a59aadf00","width":640},"text":"","id":"TS0MdAOiIoWak2x4Fr2cXJLRneg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":250,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fe852c5bda9443b4b98bcb1ed73950ab","width":456},"text":"","id":"Y6o6dYI68oOO4ixYzmUcUdwlnHg"}],"text":"","id":"MCEgdOoEkoUE2qxAtnfcviE7nSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(6)/s/ 谐音“丝”，/z/“zi”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MCEgdOoEkoUE2qxAtnfcviE7nSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：发音时舌端靠近齿龈，气流由舌端齿龈间送出。/s/是清辅音，声带不振动；/z/是浊浦音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MiYMdEsIcom0uoxgfRFcbXodnAg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/s/：school [sku:l] n. 学校，学院；bus [bʌs] n. 公共汽车","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WO6kd6cMWoAM02xGkWKc7Bunnnc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/z/：please [pli:z] int.请；zoo [zu:] n.动物园","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IgmKdaGiooyg8ExgVM2cEGJAnoh"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":271,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9a735a6fd556430899e72f213603429c","width":453},"text":"","id":"IYIEdaM6co0Mo6xsd9CcEcfGnrf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":217,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cbd3bbe2132a47e09a970ca158685fd7","width":454},"text":"","id":"S6C8duMs0omqiKxkfZncVmJSnIb"}],"text":"","id":"RKu4dWEeIo4Og6xqiP7cXVdwnKb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(7)/ts/ /dz/分别谐音“次”、“自”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RKu4dWEeIo4Og6xqiP7cXVdwnKb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：舌端先贴住上齿龈，堵住气流，气流送出口腔。/ts/是清辅音，声带不振动，/dz/是浊辅音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Wu2AdkuSioKeekxGWiWcUNN1nFf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/ts/：cats [kæts] n. 猫( cat的名词复数 )；hats [hæts] n. 帽子( hat的名词复数 ) ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DOksdQsWUoKGA2xETz0chmFantf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/dz/：hands [hændz] n.手；lands [lændz] n.陆地","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CMmSdKgc0oK828xcVxeci6yGnOg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":289,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8fdc13488fbc4d59a98f9f0713aefe7c","width":450},"text":"","id":"P8KydWaQYo8qWUxQppkc4qdhngb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":276,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7c7a93711b0e46cc83a527c60d527179","width":451},"text":"","id":"PkmQd6QMeoIcCIxoQSfcvdqVnmb"}],"text":"","id":"Ng8qda44kouo0UxWAN2cpPcpnkb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(8)/tr/ /dr/分别谐音“戳”、“捉”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ng8qda44kouo0UxWAN2cpPcpnkb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：舌尖贴齿龈后部，气流冲破阻碍发出短促的/t/后立即发/r/。/tr/是清辅音，声带不振动；/dr/是浊辅音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GSKsdMQi0o82OexWotqcSV0KnVc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/tr/ : tree [tri:] n. 树，木料；try [traɪ] vt.\u0026 vi. 试图 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GGkKdsqAqo0C8WxqIJucE48Anzb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/dr/：dress [dres] n.连衣裙；drink [drɪŋk] v.喝酒","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HcYWdO6moomiWCxi6X3c322tnUe"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":306,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8cd7b6ea3573404d915c2b39fdd668ad","width":454},"text":"","id":"Vg4UdMsoWosWm6xmPRjcCCNMnyQ"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":296,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/700de1de8f2b402893d73b6fd25b5342","width":452},"text":"","id":"OsM4dSIkIouswGxiw7LcHHrMnjb"}],"text":"","id":"JSaEd8UAsoau4axA33tcPSTUnLe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(9)/∫/ /ʒ/分别谐音“诗”、“日”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JSaEd8UAsoau4axA33tcPSTUnLe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：/∫/是清辅音，声带不振动；/ʒ/是浊辅音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PKmAda0ceooIAExiq07crsVtnid"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/∫/：English [ˈɪŋglɪʃ] adj. 英格兰的； 英国的；rubbish [ˈrʌbɪʃ] n. 垃圾；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FGIidicIkoCGCKxKo0PcQBYlnhd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/ʒ/：pleasure [ˈpleʒə] n.快乐，愉快；casual [ˈkæʒuəl] adj意外的，偶然的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MwwIdAKiooqy2Cxak94c5PDbnGg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":285,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8f332b0d40c74d34ae86cb1fa3ca05e7","width":454},"text":"","id":"DwsYdMccsog0iYxISsfcHUVinNH"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":228,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f540e592612a4386a861f7ad67e4073c","width":453},"text":"","id":"ISiYdkQoGoGQe0xKa7JcQsU3n3d"}],"text":"","id":"SMc2d28g4oE0muxS4CIcteUNn3b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（10）/t∫/ /dʒ/分别谐音“吃”、“之”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SMc2d28g4oE0muxS4CIcteUNn3b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：发音时舌身抬高，舌端抵上齿龈后部，气流通过时发出破擦音。/t∫/是清辅音，声带不振动；/dʒ/是浊辅音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"U0gWdO4iMoCAaoxYfM3cC5m6n7b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/t∫/： chalk [tʃɔ:k] n. 粉笔；chair [tʃeər] n. 椅子","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NK0ydWy0SoseSyxGoJMcJWW5nLd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/dʒ/：page [peɪdʒ] n.页 ；age [eɪdʒ] n.年龄","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OEesduWwUowgWuxm4gJcL9gGnuc"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":277,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8b628a6b1e514fe0b391ed64c1367954","width":454},"text":"","id":"V86EdgUKGoouEOxqclNcNjX5nCh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":267,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6d921b622ffa4a38a273f436986ea872","width":445},"text":"","id":"VIo0dGc4yoCimMxU5WBcTgQNnSb"}],"text":"","id":"E0eYdWCA2oa2Q8xADQhcjsCsnVh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(11)/h/ /r/分别谐音“呵”、“若”，省去韵母成分。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E0eYdWCA2oa2Q8xADQhcjsCsnVh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"M04md204koiKaQxcjQPccMzznXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发/h/这个音时，嘴半开，气流从口腔不受阻碍而出，声带不振动，清辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"K6Kidis8moccGAxjkUjcGKHMncS"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发/r/这个音时，舌端上卷，靠近上齿龈附近，嘴唇张开并保持略圆状态，气流从口腔涌出，声带振动，属于浊辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Skk8dmsmoog2KwxWIvucX2Yvnyh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例: /h/： hair [heə(r)] n.头发；hate [heɪt] v.恨，厌恶","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FeIKdecMEoOEEsxC2MDcxzKenug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/r/： sorry ['sɒrɪ] v.对不起 ；write [raɪt] v.写","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AmKEdA6O2oMuaCxQ3hLc0Vauneh"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":285,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ae68233a2f1f4e0bae1ada1aafa601b2","width":455},"text":"","id":"B2IgdUQ0AoYG6wxYVJccq7VMnag"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":690,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b5bc0da8fe7f4de1b056a6e261a0535d","width":1024},"text":"","id":"FoGadAwoIoQ8iux6WegcTMzCnlb"}],"text":"","id":"Tgm6dmyKQoWAASxyMtHcwHwxnwf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Tgm6dmyKQoWAASxyMtHcwHwxnwf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习鼻音发音。《【（21）鼻音 m n ŋ | 英语音标发音口型示范 | 美式发音-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/8P1jfXx"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/8P1jfXx","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QsmOdYKyAoKyYgxct1YcwrFxnof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)/m/谐音“恩”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GAAmd86QgomQgmxaa0LcUWtJn8c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：双唇紧闭，软腭下垂，气流从鼻腔发出，声带震动。闭口音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ws8udoA2soaccyxaUb3cYEJCnkf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：major [ˈmeɪdʒə(r)] adj.主要的；time [taɪm] n.时间","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NGuudoKUeogKgKxS8ZUcakUsnYg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":275,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f85c67957ccc46bdaa291f21c4945bbf","width":453},"text":"","id":"JSAAdM6wSo6uSUxQzE5cb42LnQd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)/n/谐音“呢”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MsCId8QaAou0OwxCavicqQUSnLh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：舌尖顶住上齿龈，形成阻碍，气流从鼻腔发出，同时声带震动，开口音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E2GAdKKSGoCuWIxQdrXctfW6nvh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：nice [naɪc] adj.漂亮的；funny [ˈfʌni] adj.有趣的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MysCdSuOeoeK8ixaugKcDN72nUf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":302,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cf6bbf9b230c4ba385b68bf46687dc48","width":449},"text":"","id":"IKM0duY8Go6u4CxkBlucRm0XnPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)/ŋ/谐音“英”，省去声母部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WcoodGMkwoI2YGxIP4ucIJsAnRC"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：发音时气流从鼻腔涌出，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UWcSd6OUCoq0a8xAV9sc88PznPg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例： think [θɪŋk] v.想；angel [ˈeɪndʒl] n.天使","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I6YIdO2o0o8w2Ax5e5RcRshSnn9"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":281,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9be0385b2e8b48298d7c1f70fbddcfcd","width":453},"text":"","id":"Ng62d6MoOo82sUx6k4VcQMB9nYf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"边音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HuSIdwyEkoMIqCxotU0cFfxbnNb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习边音发音。《【真正的国际音标-边音 Lateral-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/G9C7X9F"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/G9C7X9F","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C8uCdoCuco8aeGxkXIScGUjtnme"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/l/谐音“里”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EkeKdas6eoQ8msxawD1cdzE7n6f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：舌尖顶住上齿龈，发音时气流从舌面的两侧通过，声带保持震动，属于浊辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RIWkd0eeuoiCGqx6rikckQCtnld"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：light [laɪt] n.光线 ；ball [bɔ:l] n.球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CuIodIW6goAcIExgblmcWFXXnah"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":260,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"边音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c8a9eb0ff3c3438e80e649b07a85be15","width":456},"text":"","id":"MoWedis4SokU8cxGSwecIsV7nTh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FOUWdOmoioWWUOxSKvHcytrEnig"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习半元音发音。《【BBC英语 其他辅音 半元音'w'的发音 与'v'的区别 国际音标发音｜Pronunciation Tips 34 - Other Consonant-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/fC2pYDl"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/fC2pYDl","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I8yIdi2Ego4uoyxmUgXcTisJn0c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/j/谐音“耶”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"J2ScdIcYUouWkWxiojWcdJ1KnJh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：发音时声带震动，气流口腔发出。浊辅音，发音口型类似/ i/.","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QmQMd4CA2o0cWYxeKdicdK2bn7c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：ye [jes] adv.是的；young [jʌŋ] adj.年轻的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KEWidUWoGoamgQxmw03cCYVqnkd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":275,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/225dc1955f054974a842c952f4f410d4","width":454},"text":"","id":"ZQasdYIoqosm46xOoZPcbpW9nPd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/w/谐音“屋”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"M0oudgMQGoOYKQxobhpceOocnjg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：嘴唇张开到刚好可以含住一根吸管的程度，并向前微噘起，但上齿不能接触下唇,立刻滑向其后的元音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E6sYdKOuGoG2eWxMV8gc1I5Lngc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：wish [wɪʃ] ：v. 希望； which [wɪtʃ] ：pron. 哪一个","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N8yMd808YogkeYxS8Bzcw8AnnZe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":299,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/752d066e3d624ac5a0a385ff5a02f131","width":453},"text":"","id":"A2EAdkoKaoKUE8xCUKAcaFHvnrh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习步骤","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KGmUduwi2o4WWcxW8UAcAtf6nsh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"抄写","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CyQmdY0woowyiWxQtzSct7zAn95"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"抄写音标，并了解音标特点。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OKeud2iiGoSqEAxWbELcjRpgnqb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"对音标的基本认知","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RaimdAOiYoEG8SxSmf2ceFeonGc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、区别长短音带“：”的音标发音相对较长不带“：”的音标发音相对较短。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Z2ScdmyGqomYqaxyqkdcLdq3nhL"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、区别清辅音和浊辅音核心区别：清辅音声带不震动，浊辅音声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NYY8dyIYwo8OyAxcjYfcWTgKn3f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"模仿练习","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V8YAdU2MgoEgOGxKAYHckkUAn0e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"找合适的视频学习学习跟读。例如b站上《【赖世雄48个英语音标朗读示范，美音英音对照版-哔哩哔哩】 【","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/sHYQFZ3"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/sHYQFZ3","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"】》、《【李咏梅老师英语（音标部分）——最牛的初中英语老师！没有之一！李咏梅国际音标 （完整版发音篇）-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/U1pmjNE"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/U1pmjNE","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》、《【纯正英式发音】这是BBC出品的到现在为止最棒的英语发音教程（完整版）-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/gZzDKl5"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/gZzDKl5","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》，以上几个视频都非常不错，详细讲解每个音标的读法。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"注意视频一定至少跟读5遍，才能确保你的学习效果。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KS4ydK4S6oiIQmxu0vncRSQHnMd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"也可以通过下面这个视频观察发音口型的变化。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IuCAd8Eeao4kYCxCirecwybinKd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CMmAd4gewoQWIUxKQ07cNUeEnPb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、模仿练习，学习国际音标的发音，要注意观察老师的口型，观察发音部位的变化，主动模仿发音，初学可以对着镜子模仿练习，特别是元音发音的舌位高低，口腔开口度大小与音色关系十分密切，可以通过镜子观察口型上的区别，观察舌尖、舌面、舌叶的活动情况，比如u和o、i和e、e和ε等等，掌握准确口腔开口度，对于准确发音具有非常重要的意义。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XcymdwOWCo6CIGxa2tecRpqyncd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、听音训练:学习国际音标需要认识48个音标，通过反反复复的听力练习，达到强化记忆。听音训练，如果有条件，可以多听老师朗读音标，也可以使用录音带反复听音，本课件中的每个音素，都可以循环倾听，强化记忆。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N242dAYGAoY4MIxCel4c7gT7nOd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、多动口，动口是加强实践的关键和核心，听音也好，模仿也好，比较也好，最终要归结到自己发音这一目标上来，所以勤动口是掌握国际音标发音的关键。俗话说，\"三天不写手生，三天不念口生\"，说的就是要加强动手动口能力的培养。因此学习国际音标，要时时加强语音训练，勤动口，反复实践练习，在实践中比较，在实践中体会差别，做到熟能生巧，这样自然就掌握国际音标的发音了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C8AGdQweWo6Eq4xwZQpcAzqTnGg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"重点音标讲解","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NYgkdUaewoSIquxc48NcmqD7nQy"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YW4wdUskoocOAwxuatBcuFsWn1d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[i:] =“一”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HgwEd26sEoK8kaxa0MKcjHMRnRc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɪ]：[ɪ]开口要比[i:]稍大，注意比较两图口型。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MSyYdOwSUo0k2axkAtYc5sddnbB"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":150,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/424933217c51464b98439d52a906dc79","width":313},"text":"","id":"XAeYdY8kMoOcUmx8IcRck6D9n7b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[e] 嘴张45°，[æ]嘴张90°","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FeQGdy2Smou2O6xURCZcVp3Lnae"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":145,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6672fd2298724d35a280bead538ac3ae","width":306},"text":"","id":"RmM4dISSQoAMIcxygd5cxr6HnOe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɜ:r] [ər]=“二”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TSo6dKsSWo2GYcxZjETc9G1GnDG"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ə]=额（不卷舌）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HMsmdKmyKoAssoxAzOdc7OWnntg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":169,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/23669fa681c94516b68dbd7dfbeacb30","width":287},"text":"","id":"Fo6QduWAwokykix49KRcfCJmnof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ʌ]：开口比“啊”略小","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BGsmdsW6woUimYxOwpucaftfnNc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɑ:r]=卷舌的“啊”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"T4q6dQqcMo8UY4x6uROcurTungg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Yc4mdmGSQow40gxqCAGcOvvinBd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":158,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4a325dcff9bf444c93f02a661b7eb1dc","width":288},"text":"","id":"YI2udUmcEoUO2axUffDc55c0n5b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɑ] =“啊”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GOUkd82oyoSQK2xGU3Yc38ITngg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɔ] =开口稍大的“哦”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BY4wdeQqqoy6C6xqo3wc8LQdnVh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɔ:r]=卷舌的“哦”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VieGd4caOoI2eIxKk63cHfKcnEh"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/47f4542a00f04f7aae6be6656657cf8c","width":114},"text":"","id":"IE8cdeAC4oMySuxgcAocFfSanZ3"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/710b04be027845d7be2106e9bbeb33a3","width":104},"text":"","id":"XmK2diS0YoCssGx8z5CcCyTSnad"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/710b04be027845d7be2106e9bbeb33a3","width":104},"text":"","id":"XmK2diS0YoCssGx8z5CcCyTSnad"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":110,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"单元音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/89ec169b38a04ab99190b396206e9400","width":98},"text":"","id":"UyMSdui2WoASQExMfVZcTvLqnrd"}],"text":"","id":"T8sYd4Wu8oaAOIxMxS7cIc9snLb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[u:]核心：双唇由半开微突，过渡到合嘴圆唇","id":""}],"text":"","id":"T8sYd4Wu8oaAOIxMxS7cIc9snLb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ʊ] 发成噘嘴的[ə],气流向外。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C4EUdoaeCoGgg2xA94WcKc7XnVg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RGS8duyAEoSGqgxas3DcrumNnog"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音较简单，大多数可进行类比，注意双元音的重音在第一个音标，即前一个音读的稍重，后一个音读的较轻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ww4IdocgUoaaeAxYJjwcra66neh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[eɪ]=“A”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TciidSSSmoKY6MxOmfycHajin1A"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[aɪ]=“I”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QyWEdEi4eo0WC4xYBXWcKXKJn3g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[əʊ]=“O”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OaqodkkAWoIIwixUvLJciK9Dnbg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɔɪ]=“哦一”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EIkGdeWMMoCgCKxujKucWEgXnl7"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɪə]=ear","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E6Wedoq6Go4KQKx0OLvcGKWAnNe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[eə]=air","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WKsUdcKGSouW0exAVi9cPsZcnWb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ʊə]=“乌尔”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JMWSdYuUAo84WexU5RncsFdWnYe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I6SAdQWcYoe2WexqIZ7cCguWnbd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"大部分辅音跟“汉语拼音”都有相似之处，直接看视频模仿即可，这里只讲解易错发音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WOS4dUWgKoegoQxoBW1c0scNnCh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"爆破音：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AGwkdoY06oeKEExaYJdcMIPWnyc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[t] [p] [k] 不要读成[tə] [pə] [kə] 注意：它们声带不震动","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LqIEdUkemo8g6Gx2j13czIRNn4e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"摩擦音：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JAkqdWaUkoe4oQx6CBicKu6JnIf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[f][v] 咬唇音，注意上齿咬下唇","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UMwCdEUkWoQ6uQxwJcscTdTUnrd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":146,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2ad2d1355a204bcbae724b0dc07ceb1b","width":248},"text":"","id":"QugUdOeOOoC8yAxzSjzcPmdenp5"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[θ][ð]","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BoGUd4UcUoS2eSxig5ac7Oh0nPf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"上下齿轻咬舌头，发音时能看到你的舌头露出","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YesIdOoy4oEWmax6YWXcvXUSn1g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":125,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fb45b894066748d99889cbe3cbcf925d","width":239},"text":"","id":"XM0idmGoWosKc0xkOwdckSZZnUx"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ʃ]=不发音的“诗” [ʒ]= “日”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BC0IdUyW4oiyGqxMzvxcAjzpnIg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":144,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c8f6dc95aeda44ba960be5c6b0ae01ba","width":278},"text":"","id":"DSW8dw0eQoyYAIx87UScLiJbnvh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[r]=撅嘴＋卷舌的“热” [h]=不发音＋舌头平放的“喝”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HMsYdguS0osqikxYJjncCMxjnie"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QYkOdgowEo6mSExYBRPc5wiznOc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[m] 合嘴","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LeSWdaaQkouGaMxKWxWcL08ense"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[n] 舌前部抵住上颚","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XmKIdKGsiooa6ix6RbecaOExnUd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ŋ] 嘴巴张开","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Xcusd4giYokcyGxKw8JccJM3nxd"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6809d9fd4d604c999772a6441dca8739","width":157},"text":"","id":"HEw2dqIAYoysEoxiySQcHndjnud"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6fa595b78ba94c89aadb1b2da94aaa69","width":157},"text":"","id":"CiAOdC6iooIYUEx0Yq6cvTGhnGd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6fa595b78ba94c89aadb1b2da94aaa69","width":157},"text":"","id":"CiAOdC6iooIYUEx0Yq6cvTGhnGd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5675b8cf0d67465db9106dd349b765ab","width":165},"text":"","id":"ICYydaeeyosCAQxq6mDcf2cJnvb"}],"text":"","id":"IM4QdgE82oU0wAxkvaac1cYYnPd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"舌侧音[l]","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IM4QdgE82oU0wAxkvaac1cYYnPd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"元音前：跟拼音“l”发音一致元音后：发“l”的前半段","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UAW4dyoO6ouEMwxU9DycGSVfnTd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VYiUdiuoAoc0SkxJxQ7cKyODnHH"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[j] “也”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MiEYdKWOGoYoCsxaALDcfRxtn7d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[w] =圆唇噘嘴的“我”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Eakqd8i8gomqCCx0C5ScvszAn3c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"破擦音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PWgEdOqSCo2cwaxgnVNcniofnCc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[tʃ]= 不发声的“吃”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QUISdIOmYo8CAEx2xyfcxw1EnMg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dʒ]= “居”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XGoQdUkewoOKqwxg1NmcNvosncd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ts]=不发声的“次”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P8K6ducAkoeSccxsVFec10Icnve"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dz]=“子”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V2CSdAm0ioYYcqxADoecjOXUn5T"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[tr] 先发“t”，在发“r”，最后结合在一起","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PMwOdSKYsoO6yyxKW0vcyzhxnBb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dr] 同上","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PqcCdaYuSosyuIx02oycX1iwnQh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"词汇拼读","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I0GedsKk0oUgoOxuyXccgX1vnGe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、规划拼读任务，拿出单词书或课本词汇表，找只含1~2个音节的单词拼读，20个为一组，每天练习3组，当然如果有时间，多进行几组也OK，加强效果。后期难度逐渐加大。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YiK6dkyMqoE6KYxcZFecaO2Onic"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、输入法识别词汇，每拼读一个词汇，都对着X飞输入法的语音识别功能朗读，看能否被输入法识别出单词，用机器来检测是否读的准确。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F82MdiS0OoEyEyxk1SicCu6vnaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、听词汇跟读，不管输入法识别出单词，还是没识别出单词，都要查手机字典，来听一遍听力，并跟读，模仿语调和轻重读音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GcOsd4I80oaSsExCYAecvtgonmg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"例如：Cash driver apartment money breakfast lawyer agency ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UAkYd6KyoosOe8xyaEycPumwn0d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习计划","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ig8edugQyogYa8xmCTpcTKcgnRf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、国际音标，一共48个，每天学4个，12天学完，元音和辅音每天各学习两个。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Kk6IdUSM0omgecxaQbkcSsZsnve"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、学完以后结合和音标相关的单词，每天坚持读一个小时，第二天要把第一天的一块儿读，第三天要把前两天的一块儿读，依次类推，坚持学完所有的音标，就可以读字典上任何一个单词。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QG6sdm2M4o68ouxYDuzcFDxhn9g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、长期坚持下去，会发现其实很多字母和音标有着关联，比如ph都发音标f的音，字母u发尖a的音，类似的规律，当大家坚持下来以后会发现很多，同时你甚至可以听到单词的发音就能把单词拼出来，直接就把背单词的问题解决了，音标会读，单词会读，单词会背，听力当然也不再是问题。自己总结出来的规律说明真的学会了，同时自己得出来的结论要比老师直接告诉你印象更深刻，同时最重要的是用起来更容易。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Km8odoYG4omMG2xQjwvctwuOn8e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意事项","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XS6WduK8gocSyQxwpyYc32mDnId"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、了解发音要领，模仿老师口型","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QaWwde6UQoWyyox8b3Yc0PnGngd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习语音，一定要注意口型，并仔细揣摩每个音标的发音要领，特别是相似音标的发音区别。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Jii2diISEoMkQixoveicLaPdn7b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"零基础学员不要以为盯着老师的口型就好了，其实发音很多都是内部器官看不到的， 所以需要老师正确的发音示范，跟着老师一起读，然后再加上老师给的一些技巧，继续跟读，老师感觉哪有问题，再帮着纠正，这样一系列过程才是练成标准发音的秘籍。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Pow0deEogocwqexqKJOchO9Qnbc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、 单词拼读实战，一对一纠正错误","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KqAmdu0E4oWkkExaukOcf14rnHf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"养成一口纯正口语最重要的还是练习练习再练习，单词拼读实战训练，巩固你的发音。不断读，不断纠正，训练单个音标到训练多个单词，在学习语音的过程中，再掌握一些基础的词汇。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"B0cyd2a4kowyACxM4E2cCki4nsi"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、辩音练习，纠正错误，掌握发音规律","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AQWQdmkKmoYcqyxsrTAcvvH8nhy"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"训练难度会随着课程的深入不断加强，但还是训练相同的内容，一节课很多类似的训练内容。音标中很多类似的发音，将相似音放在一起对比再练习，舌头和耳朵在这很重要。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LyKYdA4oIoQC8exa2vjcYOc1nle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G4aGdqMEMoO2AGxkzAkcWRvAnHd"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E