1. 海洋环境的污染
来自长江和省内6大水系所携带的大量工农业废水和生活污水排入海中，使我省87％的近岸海域受到不同程度的污染，基本已无I类海水，沿海特别是河口海水中无机氮和无机磷严重超标，海水中磷酸盐合量在沿海省、自治区和直辖市中排居首位。
近岸海底沉积物中氮、磷超标严重，成为海水二次污染的潜在危害源。另外，个别海域（如杭州湾和舟山海域）船舶排污及碰撞漏油，海上石油开采溢油等加剧了近岸海域的污染，有机污染和重金属也对海水水质产生明显的影响。
海洋灾害频繁——每年发生大小赤潮近20次
我省是风暴潮、赤潮等海洋灾害最为严重的省份之一。每年因台风给我省海洋渔业造成的直接经济损失在数十亿元以上。由于海水水质下降和富营养化，导致赤潮灾害发生的频率逐年上升，给我省的海洋经济带来巨大的损失，近年来，每年发生的大小赤潮灾害近20次，年直接经济损失达数亿元。
围海造地——许多珍稀濒危野生生物绝迹，破坏生态
我省沿海滩涂资源359．04万亩，主要分布在钱塘江和杭州湾两岸，以及各海湾。由于不合理的围海造地，使沿海自然滩涂湿地面积缩减，不仅破坏了多种鸟类的栖息地，也使重要的经济鱼、虾、蟹和贝类生息、繁衍场所消失，许多珍稀濒危野生生物绝迹，而且大大降低了滩涂湿地调节气候、储水分洪、抵御风暴潮、净化地表径流及护岸保田等的能力，同时改变了海区的水动力方向，加速了航道和港口的淤积。
海洋食物链已经遭到严重破坏——经济鱼类资源大幅度降低
随着海洋开发话动的增多，海洋生态环境遭受破坏，使生物多样性衰减，某些生物种类已近绝迹，传统的经济鱼类资源大幅度降低，再也形不成渔汛，海洋食物链已经遭到严重破坏。东海生态系统中的主要经济物种严重衰竭，整体结构发生显著变异，系统内部自我调节的能力受到严重损害。
请勿将废水和生活垃圾直接排入海中
造成海水如此恶劣的污染源主要有陆上和海上两大类。陆上污染源主要是工业污水、居民的生活废水以及农田中使用的农药通过河流流入大海，沿海企业和居民直接将污水和废水排入海中。海上的污染源主要有船舶上和港口的油污和生活废水，养殖场、海洋工程、海岸工程产生的污染。
为了使我们的海域不再受污染，省有关部门已经颁布了一系列的政策法规对海域污染进行了治理。同时也提醒沿海的居民不要将废水和生活垃圾直接排入海中，出海的渔民应该把该回收的都要回收，而不要一丢完事。
2. 海洋环境的污染程度
具体如下：
1、垃圾污染
工业冷却水和工程残土、垃圾及疏浚泥等。前者入海后能提高局部海区的水温，使溶解氧的含量降低 ，影响生物的新陈代谢，甚至使生物群落发生改变；后者可破坏海滨环境和海洋生物的栖息环境。
2、噪声污染
利用天然声纳进行导航和捕猎，让无脊椎动物深受其害。勘探船产生的声音污染对头足类动物以及其他海洋动物的生存造成不利影响。
3、过度捕捞
人类的捕鱼活动导致海洋中生存的某种鱼类种群不足以繁殖并补充种群数量。现代渔业捕获的海洋生物已经超过生态系统能够平衡弥补的数量，结果使整个海洋系统生态退化。
4、冰川融化
由于冰盖的融化，奇特的低盐度海水正在慢慢的消失，截止到2002年， 96%的低盐度栖居环境已经消失殆尽。大部分以冰川径流作为供水源的地区将会发生严重的缺水危机。
5、石油泄漏污染
石油污染在海洋表面形成面积广大的油膜，阻止空气中的氧气向海水中溶解，同时石油的分解也消耗水中的溶解氧，造成海水缺氧，对海洋生物产生危害，并祸及海鸟和人类。
3. 海洋环境的污染使哪些物种消失
海洋中生活许许多多各种各样的微生物，它们是以单细胞或以群体形式存在，能独立生活的生物，包括病毒、细菌、真菌、单细胞藻类及原生动物等等。但按狭意所指仅为病毒、细菌和真菌等。目前研究较多的是细菌。微生物体积大多非常微，需在显微镜下才能看见。如海洋细菌，它的直经大多仅为几个微米到零点几个微米。海洋微生物种类繁多，数量颇大。如胶州湾每毫升海水中生活着几百个，多至几千万个细菌。它们对我们生活及工农业生产有着极为密切的关系。
首先海洋微生物是海洋生态系统的重要成员，参与海洋中物质循环，如果没有这些微生物，那么海洋中生物尸体无法分解。生物所必须营养元素逐渐枯竭，生命无法繁延。同时海洋微生物在消除海洋中污染物质、海洋自净过程中起着重要作用。如能将石油降解成水和二氧化碳的类氧化菌，能分解有机酸等有机物的光合细菌，还有许多细菌能分解农药。海洋中污染物质几乎都能被微生物分解，只是速度快慢而已。海洋中还有许多微生物的代谢产物可用作药物、酶制剂等微生物制剂。
但是海洋中也有一些微生物对人类是有害的。如夏天我们吃了不新鲜的又没有很好煮孰的蛤蜊等贝类，能引起呕吐和腹泻，这主要是贝类中生活着付溶血孤菌之故，水产养殖中鱼、虾、贝、藻等病害发生，大多也是由于感染了致病微生物造成的；另外，港口、码头、船只污损都是有微生物作用的结果。
4. 海洋环境的污染与保护论文
海洋是地球的主体、生命的摇篮、人类文明的源泉。地球表面分属为陆地和海洋。如以大地水准面为基准，陆地面积占地表总面积的29.2％；海洋面积占地表总面积的70.8％。海陆面积之比为2.5：1。世界大洋通常被分为四大部分，即太平洋、大西洋、印度洋和北冰洋。浩瀚的海洋蕴藏着十分丰富的海洋生物资源，有人推算，海洋向人类提供食物的能力，相当于全世界陆地耕地面积所提供食物的1000 倍。
5. 海洋环境的污染英语
Pollution
Sea pollution is becoming an increasing problem for our planet and we have a responsibility to reduce sea pollution.
I need to describe the problem. Our ship currently dumps all its rubbish into the sea.It's easy to result in huge endanger. First of all, Non-organic substances such as plastic bags kill fish and whales. Because fish get trapped and whales cannot digest them. Secondly some rubbish is inherently toxic.
I can suggest some solutions. First and foremost we can create a better system of disposing of rubbish for instance. We ought to store rubbish. Next, we are supposed to make ships environmentally and friendly. A case in point is that we should stop providing plastic bags.
We must act now before it is too late!
海洋污染英语作文二：Reduce Sea Pollution
Several problems are caused by the non-organic substance. We ought not to pour wastes into the ocean, because it not only pollutes the ocean, but also lead to a series of harmful consequence. First and foremost, the non-organnic things, for instance, plastic bags, may kill fish and whales. Second, fishes can't digest them. Finally, some of the rubbish is inherently toxic, they will posion marine life.
We must take actions to protect our whale from dying. One thing we should do is creating a better system of disposing of rubbish. Another effective solution is making ships environmentally friendly. Sypermarkets shall stop the giving of plastic bags.
As a captain of the ship, you should spare no efforts to think more helpful ideas and stop dumping rubbish from now on. We all need to raise awareness of these problems. It now becomes necessary that we must act now, before it is too late!
海洋污染英语作文三：Sea pollution
Between 75 and 80% of marine pollution is caused by land, particularly agriculture. 30% of this is from the atmosphere. Around 12% of the pollution is caused by maritime transport.
In South America, 98% of domestic wastewater ends up, untreated, in the sea. The countries along the Mediterranean Sea throw 50 million tons of waste into it every year and the Chinese throw 60 million tons of waste into the Yellow sea daily. Over half of the hydrocarbon discharge comes from continents, 5% comes from oil tanker accidents, 20% comes from waste and other ship-related accidents, 4% from sea exploitation and 11 to 15% is due to natural causes. Accidental pollution through hydrocarbon is significantly decreasing and only represents a small percentage of waste through degassing estimated at between 1.5 and 3 million tons of oil a year. In 2003, according to the WWF, between 0.7 and 1.3 million tons of oil were spread by degassing in the Mediterranean. According to the Ifremer (the French Institute for Exploitation of the Sea), coastal water pollution cost the world economy almost 12.8 billion dollars in 2006.
Marine pollution is the result of products being thrown into seas and oceans, mostly by mnkind: domestic waste (sewage and rubbish, pollutants in runoff water...), industrial waste (hydrocarbons, metals, synthetic chemical and organic substances, radionuclides...) and agricultural waste (fertilisers, pesticides...).
This includes water pollution and marine sediments, and more generally all damage to marine ecosystems caused by harmful substances being discharged into the sea, either by their nature or their quantity.
海洋污染英语作文四：Sea Pollution
Marine environment is one in water, seawater tolerance hydrolyzate and suspended solids, seabed sediment and marine organisms, including complex systems. Ocean rich biological resources, mineral resources, chemical resources and power resources is an indispensable resource treasure house of human beings, with human survival and development of the relationship very close.
The main objective of the current marine conservation is to protect the living marine resources, so as not to failure, in order for human sustainable use. In particular, give priority to protect those valuable and critically endangered marine life. According to the UN for investigation, due to overfishing, accidental capture and killing of non-target to allow hunting of marine, coastal shoreline construction, mangrove deforestation, widespread marine pollution, at least the world's 25 most valuable fishery resources depleted, whales, sea turtles, manatees and many other marine animals face extinction risk. Is expected that with the expansion of the scale of ocean development,Marine living resources are likely to cause more damage.
The task of the first marine protected right to stop over-exploitation of living marine resources and secondly to protect the habitat of marine life or habitat, in particular, their migration, spawning, foraging, avoiding predators coast, tidal flats, estuaries, coral reefs, it is necessary to prevent the heavy metals, pesticides, oil, organic and easy to produce nutrients such as eutrophication of marine pollution. Preservation of the marine living resources of the natural regeneration capacity and water purification capacity, preservation of the marine ecological balance, to ensure sustainable human development and utilization of the oceans.
海洋污染英语作文五：Polluting the seas
The seas and oceans receive the brunt of human waste, whether it is by deliberate dumping or by natural run-off from the land.
In fact over 80% of all marine pollution comes from land-based activities and many pollutants are deposited in estuaries and coastal waters. Here the pollutants enter marine food chains, building up their concentrations until they reach toxic levels. It often takes human casualties to alert us to pollution and such was the case in Minimata Bay in Japan when many people died as a result of a pollutant building up in food chains. A factory was discharging waste containing methyl mercury in low concentrations into the sea and as this pollutant passed through food chains it became more concentrated in the tissues of marine organisms until it reached toxic levels.
As a consequence 649 people died from eating fish and shellfish contaminated with mercury and 3500 people suffered from mercury poisoning.
海洋污染英语作文六：Sea Pollution
From the overall situation, wastewater emissions growth speed. Is expected in 2000 will reach 666 tons. City life sewage volume will continue to increase, in 2000 reached about 783 tons. The wastewater of low (estimated at 20% ~ 30%),most of untreated wastewater directly or indirectly discharged into the water body, the serious pollution of water resources. China's seven major river systems in nearly half of serious pollution, city section of river water qualitygenerally exceed the standard 86%. The polluted water, more serious is the Huaihe, Haihe, Liaohe, Songhua River, the downstream Yangtze River and the Pearl River Delta industries in developed region.
River city section of riverpollution, heavy on the river, north to south. In 1990, 94 river city section of evaluation, 65 are subject to different degrees of pollution, accounting for 69.1%, the main pollutants ammonia nitrogen, volatile phenol and oxygen consumption of organic matter. According to the survey, 700000000 peopledrinking water the Escherichi a coli exceed the standard, 164000000 people drink organic pollution of water, 35000000 people nitrate drinking water exceed the standard.
Huaihe is one of the most polluted rivers. Huaihe in the evaluation of the 2000kilometers of the river, 78.7% river does not meet the drinking water standard,the 79.7% section does not meet the standard of fishery water, 32% do not meet the standard of irrigation water. According to statistics, the national 3000 heavily polluting enterprises, enterprises of wastewater discharge of industrial pollution,Huaihe River Basin accounts for 160. A sewage units 1.55 182 towns within the basin, industrial wastewater emissions of 1610000000 cubic meters, 700000000 cubic meters of urban living water emissions. Huaihe sewage irrigation farmland,causing serious crop production; in 1989 the occasion of the Spring Festival, the sewage discharge upstream gate opening, the tap water in Huainan, Bengbu twocity is seriously polluted and not drinking, Huaihe basin, the public drinking watercrisis, people Voices of discontent.
Huaihe basin in many areas of cancer incidence rate than the normal area than 10 times to hundreds of times, some villages in 2/3 of hepatomegaly. At the same time, due to the pollution of the estuary, anadromous fish resources has been damaged, the sharp drop in output, part of the in